17 сент 1789 г. - Tammany Hall

Описание:

Tammany Hall was formed in 1789 as a Democratic executive committee in New York City.
Motives:
* Objective was to acquire and
maintain political control
through charity and patronage (controlling jobs and privileges)
* Named after Tammanend, wise and kind Delaware Indian chief
* Gave benefits to religious and ethnic minorities, white propertyless men, and in 1817 Irish immigrants who had been excluded
* Resulted in popularity with working class and immigrants
* Bribed rival faction leaders and became known for corruption
* Key bosses: William M. Tweed, Richard F. Croker, and Charles F. Murphy
* Appointed criminal judges- Tammany ward leaders would back individuals who were in legal trouble, and in turn the people would send food and votes
* 1865-1871: $75-200 million taken from city
* Plunkett’s “honest graft,” “what reformers call “machine” we call organization”
* Samuel Tilden, Democrat who did not want his party tainted by corruption, tried to reform * *
* Tammany in 1870s
* Tammany’s power dwindled during the mid 1930s-40s, by 1966 it was finished

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