1 июл 1890 г. - Forming Across Australia

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In the latter half of the nineteenth century, there was talk in some colonies of a move towards the development of specific teacher training institutions and in South Australia efforts were made to make it compulsory for pupil teachers to attend a training school but this move was not followed in the other colonies.Tthe platform for Australian teacher education in the twentieth century was built on the coexistence of the normal schools and the pupil-teacher or apprenticeship models of teacher training. Central to both was a commitment to learning in the field. Basic teaching competencies were modeled by Master teachers and then reproduced by the apprentices in ever greater degrees of complexity until the point was reached when the apprentice was decreed job-ready for admission into the profession. By the mid-1890S, however, teacher organizations were being formed across Australia, and they uniformly opposed the pupil-teacher system as a form of cheap labor.

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