16 авг 1170 г. - Creation of the Consiglio di credenza

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The effects of this internal conflict in the oligarchy probably also determined the choice of the magistracy at the summit of hte commune. From 1195 there was a single magistrate (podestà), a foreigner (non-Bolognese), accompanied by collaborators, judges, milites, and notaries. A more articulated development, carried to the first decade of the 13th century, brought to definition the entire institutional structure.

At the end of this process civil and criminal justice was administered, in the name of the podestà, in part by the judges, who in part were citizens and in part, like the podestà, foreigners. The number of council members increased to a hundred, but there were no popolani among them. The council assumed the name Consiglio di credenza and emphasized its normative power and election of all communal officials...The totality of these officials formed the curia (assembly or court), which acted beside the podestà and shared with him the direction of government.

[Tamba. “Civic Institutions (12th-early 15th Centuries).” 213]

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