Sulgi (2 jan 2002 ano antes da era comum – 1 jul 1954 ano antes da era comum)

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DID NIMROD BUILD THE TOWER OF BABEL ? by Gerard Gertoux

As we have seen, the Sumerian royal lists were most likely compiled during the reign of Shulgi (Grandpierre: 2019, 26-27). This king wanted to link the Sumerian dynasty of Ur III (2020-1954), which he had brought to its apogee, to the prestigious dynasty founded by Gilgamesh (c. 2500 BCE), not to the Akkadian dynasty founded by Sargon of Akkad (2243-2187) who had militarily annexed Sumer. Shulgi should have attached his dynasty to that of Marduk, the first king of the whole world (or of the four corners of the world), but since the empire of this powerful king had been dislocated by God, this was not glorious. He therefore preferred to link the reign of Gilgamesh to that of Ziusudra, the survivor of the universal flood (and great grandfather of Marduk) who had been “king” of Shuruppak. The city of Babylon and its immense tower, the jewel of Marduk, has thus fallen into oblivion for more than a millennium.

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DATING THE FALL OF BABYLON AND UR by Gerard Gertoux

About twenty Economic tablets, dated year 47 of Šulgi (in 1955 BCE), mention an incident and booty taken by the Elamites130, indirectly confirming a raid or a tribute, but the region of origin is not mentioned. The date of death of Šulgi is known precisely, on 1/XI/48 (around February -1954) it happened in a dramatic atmosphere, because there was a violent death of a part of the royal family131, but we do not know why. Thus, the death of Elamite king Chedorlaomer at the end of the Awan period, coinciding with the death of Babylonian king Shulgi in the year 48 of his reign agrees with the fall of Ur dated 1912 BCE. In addition, the fall of Babylon dated 1499 BCE agrees also better with the Elamite chronology, because as François Vallat noticed: different texts show that five generations ofthe same family have occupied the space between the reign of Kutir-Nahhunte to that of Kuk-Našur III, the last Sukkalmah. By assigning thirty years to each generation, the interval between the two kings is about one century and a half. As two sovereigns rules as sukkalmahat between Kutir-Nahhunte and Kuk-Nasur II (Temti-Agun and Kutir-Silhaha), we can estimate that one century [not two] separates the reign of Kuk- Našur II from that of Kuk-Našur III.

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