Gideon (2 jan 1299 ano antes da era comum – 1 jan 1259 ano antes da era comum)

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DATING THE BIBLICAL CHRONOLOGY by Gerard Gertoux

Midian oppressed Israel for 7 years, then Gideon judged for 40 years, then Abimelech was king for 3 years, then Tola judged for 23 years and at the last, Jair judged for 22 years (Judges 6:1, 8:28, 9:22, 10:1-3).

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Judges 8:28
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Moses and the Exodus Chronological, Historical and Archaeological Evidence by Gérard GERTOUX
Jerubbaal the priest of Iehuô
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The Pharaoh of the Exodus Fairy tale or real history? Outcome of the investigation by
Gérard GERTOUX
The situation in Palestine at this time is pictured as anarchic, disorders being caused by the Midianites, the Amalekites (Libyans) near Gaza and Orientals near Beth-Shean (Jg 6:1-6,33) in the plain of Jezreel (Jos 17:16). The term "Oriental" meant mostly Syrians (Gn 25:6,20). Those of this period are named Sidonians, up to the entrance of Hamath (Jg 3:3), an area controlled by the Kingdom of Amurru. Gideon, whose name means "one who cuts off", put an end to this disorder when he slaughtered 135,000 Orientals near Beth- Shean (Jg 8:10). The victory of Gideon had to have been memorable because Eusebius reports the writings of Porphyry of Tyre (234-305), who was a Neoplatonic philosopher born in Tyre, and above all an opponent of Christianity who challenged the biblical text:
Of the affairs of the Jews the truest history, because the most in accordance with their places and names, is that of Sanchuniathon of Beirut, who received the records from Hierombalus (Jerubbaal) the priest of the god Ieüô (Yehua); he dedicated his history to Abibaal king of Beirut, and was approved by him and by the investigators of truth in his time. Now the times of these men fall even before the date of the Trojan war, and approach nearly to the times of Moses, as is shown by the successions of the kings of Phoenicia. And Sanchuniathon, who made a complete collection of ancient history from the records in the various cities and from the registers in the temples, and wrote in the Phoenician language (Praeparatio Evangelica I:9:20-22).

Several parts of Porphyry's narrative are correct: 1) the kings of Beirut574 were privileged witnesses of the attack against the kingdom of Amurru; 2) the official of Yehua who won a great victory near Beth-Shean in 1299 BCE (he became afterwards the ruler of the people) was actually called Jerubbaal (Jg 6:32; 7:1) or Hierombal in Greek. Thus this crushing defeat could explain the shifting alliances of the Amurru and also why Seti I could claim all the merit for the pacification of the region.
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