1 mar 36 ano antes da era comum - Herod's Actual Reign Begins in Jerusalem (when Antigonus Killed)

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Herod the Great and Jesus Chronological, Historical and Archaeological Evidence, by Gerard Gertoux

Actual start of his reign (April 36 BCE), Herod mints his first coin dated year 3.

After the capture of Jerusalem in July 37 BCE, Sossius, the governor of Syria, handed over King Antigonus to Marc Antony. Herod, fearing a possible restoration of Antigonus by the Roman Senate, greased Mark Antony's palm to kill his rival (Jewish Antiquities XIV:473, 487-491). Mark Antony who left Italy for Greece in the autumn 37 BCE, then went to Antioch which he reached in winter. Antigonus was executed just before Herod took power9 (March 36 BCE). Cassius Dio confirms the chronological data of Josephus, he writes: These people Antony entrusted to a certain Herod to govern; but Antigonus he bound to a cross and flogged, — a punishment no other king had suffered at the hands of the Romans, — and afterwards slew him (...) Antony spent the entire year [37 BCE] in reaching Italy and returning again to the province (Roman History XLIX:22-23).

The first coins minted by Herod after his victory over Jerusalem (in
July 37 BCE) are dated year 3, written LΓ in Greek12 (opposite picture).
Since Jewish reigns began on Nisan 1 (April), this coin is therefore appeared
in April of 36 BCE. This method of reckoning reign, from Nisan 1 after an
accession, was usual for kings of Judea (Talmud Rosh Hashanah 1:1).

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