1 jan 2950 ano antes da era comum - Collaps of Mesopotamian State; Dispersion of Peoples; Sudden Onset of Languages [Gn 11:1-9]

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Egyptian chronology, 2838-342 BCE, through astronomically dated synchronisms and comparison with carbon-14 dating, by Gérard Gertoux

Around 2950 BCE. When the Tower of Babel had been built God confused the language (Proto- Semitic) of all the earth (the land of Sumer at that time), scattered the 70 families then the building ceased (Gn 11:1-9). Most of the Sumerian cities founded by Nimrod continued to be inhabited, but the abrupt decrease in population led to their decline for more than 300 years. The descendants of Kush who lived in the land of Sumer and who now spoke Sumerian remained in the region, presumably because of their technical skills acquired in building construction they formed the aristocracy and administrative staff of the Sumerian cities. Similarly, most of those who now spoke Akkadian remained, but others went west (Mari, Ebla) following the Euphrates, and most of those who now spoke the Canaanite language went to the Levant (Canaan). Among the six descendants of Mizraim “Egypt” (which means “distresses” in Hebrew), Pathrusim and Naphtuhim are geographical names, not personal names, because they are plural and mean respectively “those of Pathros (Jr 44:1)” and “those of Naphtuh”, which are not Hebrew but are transcriptions of the Egyptian words p3-t3-rsy “the land of the south” and nỉw(t)-ptḥ327 “city to create”, an old name of Memphis. In addition, the Bible gives information about the region of origin of Egyptians: I will bring back the captive group of the Egyptians; and I will bring them back to the land of Pathros, to the land of their origin, and there they must become a lowly kingdom (Ezk 29:14). As a result, the descendants of Mizraim who lived in the country of Sumer, and who now spoke Egyptian, sailed west (Byblos) and then sailed to Egypt. Part of them settled in Memphis (Naphtuh), but the most important part continued southwards and settled in Abydos328 (Pathros). These ancient inhabitants of the country of Sumer (Shinar) formed the aristocracy and the administrative staff of the Egyptian cities thanks to their technical skills acquired in the construction of buildings in Sumer. The Egyptian kingdom is thus the heir of the Sumerian empire founded by Marduk (Nimrod). Archaeology has confirmed that the oldest Egyptian documents did indeed appear in the south of Egypt around Abydos (Thinis of Dynasty 0). Iawan's family went into the Ionian Islands (Gn 10:4-5), Kaphtor's family went into Crete and later a part of Cretans went into a land initially called Keftiu “those of Kefte” by Egyptians and then “Philistines’ land” (Jr 47:4). The name Crete is written Kaptaru in Mesopotamian texts dated around 2300 BCE (Joannès: 2001, 208-210). This name does not mean anything in Akkadian but “bulb/capital” in Hebrew (Am 9:1).

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Gertoux, Gérard (2015). Noah and the Deluge Chronological, Historical and Archaeological Evidence


Ca. 2950 BCE. When the Tower of Babel had been built God confused the language of all the earth (Old Hebrew), scattered the 70 families then the building ceased (Gn 11:1-9). Iawan's family went into the Ionian Islands (Gn 10:4-5), Kaphtor's family went into Crete and later a part of Cretans went into a land initially called Keftiu “those of Kefte” by Egyptians and then “Philistines’ land” (Jr 47:4).

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DID NIMROD BUILD THE TOWER OF BABEL ? by Gerard Gertoux

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