1 jan 1278 ano antes da era comum - Battle of Kadesh

Descrição:

The Pharaoh of the Exodus Fairy tale or real history? Outcome of the investigation by
Gérard GERTOUX

In the years following the Amarna period (Manley: 1996, 92-93), the expansionist policies of Hatti and Assyria had led to the virtual eclipse of Mitanian independence. Of greater concern to Egypt, however, was the situation of Kadesh, the great trading centre of the Orontes Valley whose chiefs felt increasing pressure to ally with Hatti. In spite of peace treaties between the two nations, Hittite and Egyptian armies had clashed near Kadesh at some point during or after the reign of Tutankhamun (1336-1327). A new dynasty, the 19th, had a military background, and felt it was time to reassert the role of the king as war-leader. Initially Seti I (1294-1283) took the field against the Shasu, briefly returned Amurru (in 1294 BCE) to Egyptian control, and then engaged a Hittite army near Kadesh. However, Seti's successes (portrayed with emphasis on the wall of Karnak) were only preliminary skirmishes in which the two armies appraised the gathering storm: it was his son, Ramses II, who was destined to meet the armies of Muwatalli II of Hatti in the climactic battle of Kadesh (in 1278 BCE) for control of the Orontes.

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EGYPTIAN CHRONOLOGY THROUGH ASTRONOMICALLY DATED SYNCHRONISMS by Gerard Gertoux

To expand his empire, the Hittite king Šuppiluliuma I engaged [in 1352 BCE] a process of conquest, which came at the expense of Mitanni and Amurru, a vassal kingdom of Egypt.
To reconquer Amurru, Ramses II attacked the Hittite king Muwatalli II. The Battle of Kadesh (dated III Shemu 9 Year 5, at the extreme end of year 5) is presented as a victory by Ramses, although he actually faced disaster because of over-optimism.

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