1 jan 993 ano antes da era comum - ANCHOR Synchronism: Gezer Burned by Egypt

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Dating the foundation of Carthage by Gerard GERTOUX

The city of Gezer is burned by Pharaoh Siamun in the year 24 of Solomon (-993).

Gezer was burnt 20 years after its construction (1Kings 9:10,16,17), which had begun in early year 4 (1Kings 6:37-7:1)
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Kings David and Solomon Chronological, Historical and Archaeological Evidence
Gérard GERTOUX

Pharaoh king of Egypt mounted an expedition, captured Gezer, burnt it down and massacred the Canaanites living
there; he then gave the town as a dowry to his daughter, Solomon's wife,
and Solomon rebuilt Gezer (1Ki 9:16-17).
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EGYPTIAN CHRONOLOGY THROUGH ASTRONOMICALLY DATED SYNCHRONISMS by Gerard Gertoux

Those that were partially burned, mainly in the far north (such as Meggido, Dor and Rehob), were not destroyed but only freed of Canaanites who had remained there. The city of Gezer, which was burned by the pharaoh in Year 24 of Solomon is a good example of this situation: Pharaoh king of Egypt mounted an expedition, captured Gezer, burnt it down and massacred the Canaanites living there; he then gave the town as a dowry to his daughter, Solomon's wife, and Solomon rebuilt Gezer (1Ki 9:16-17). Gezer was burned after 20 years of construction (1Ki 9:10,16,17) beginning in early Year 4 (1Ki 6:37-7:1). As a result, the city of Gezer was burned in Year 24 of Solomon (1017-977), in 993 BCE. The pharaoh who burned Gezer is not named in the Bible but the only certified Egyptian campaign in Palestine during this period was that of Siamun (Kitchen: 2003, 110-112, 618). In addition, the 21st Dynasty is distinguished by the fact that some of its pharaohs gave their daughter in marriage to foreigners as for example to Solomon (1Ki 3:1, 9:10). In addition, some scarabs on behalf of Siamun were found in the cities of Dor and Megiddo (Münger: 2003, 66-77).

Siamun Yr 11 = Solomon Yr 24 = Gezer burned

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EXAMINATION OF ANACHRONISMS IN BIBLICAL AND ASSYRIAN CHRONOLOGIES by Gerard Gertoux

This Egyptian chronology, anchored on three dates calculated by astronomy: Psamtik III (526-525), Shabataka (712-689), Takelot II (865-840), and one date calculated by carbon-14 dating: Amenemope (1018-1009), is in perfect agreement with all the synchronisms of the chronologies of the kings of Byblos, Assyria, Judah, and Israel. All these chronologies are used by epigraphers to accurately date Phoenician inscriptions. Six biblical synchronisms with Egyptian chronology are of particularly remarkable accuracy:
• The city of Gezer was burned by Siamun (Kitchen: 2003, 108-110) 20 years after its construction (1Ki 9:10-17), which had begun in early Year 4 (1Ki 6:37-7:1), in Year 24 of Solomon, in 993 BCE.
• Flight of Jeroboam into Pharaoh Shoshenq I's country, in the last years of Solomon's reign (1Ki 11:40-42), or during the years 39 and 40 (978-977 BCE).
• Shoshenq I attacked Jerusalem in the 5th year of Rehoboam, in 972 BCE, he is called Shishaq in the Hebrew Bible (1Ki 14:25,26; 2Ch 12:2-9) and Sousakim in the Septuagint.
• Hosea II negotiated in 723 BCE with Assyrian King Shalmaneser V (727-722) and Egyptian King Osorkon IV (741-712), written So (2Ki 17:1-6) or Segor (LXX).
• Taharqa, the co-regent of Shabataka (712-689), tried to prevent Sennacherib from attacking Jerusalem (2Ki 19:8-9) in the 14th year of Hezekiah (726-697) dated to 712 BCE (2Ki 18:13-17).
• Josiah (640-609) died at Megiddo (2Ki 23:29-34), in 609 BCE, just as Necho II (609-594) arrived in that city to repel the Babylonian attack against Assyrian King Aššur-uballiṭ II (612-609).

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