Louis's sons/Charles the Fat/Arnulf/Louis the Child (28 agos 876 anni – 24 sett 911 anni)

Descrizione:

The last years of Louis the German were troubled by rebellions of his sons. The eldest, Carloman of Bavaria, revolted in 861 and again two years later. This was followed by the second son Louis the Younger, who was joined by his brother Charles the Fat. In 864 Louis was forced to grant Carloman the kingdom of Bavaria, which he himself had once held under his father. In 865 he divided the remainder of his lands - Saxony with Franconia and Thuringia went to Louis the Younger and Swabia with Raetia to Charles the Fat. Carloman became King of Bavaria upon his father's death in 876. He was appointed by his cousin King Louis II of Italy (Lothair's son) as his successor, but the Kingdom of Italy was taken by his uncle Charles the Bald in 875. Carloman only conquered it in 877. In 879 he was incapacitated, perhaps by a stroke, and abdicated his domains in favour of his younger brothers: Bavaria to Louis the Younger and Italy to Charles the Fat. Louis in turn died in 882 and was succeeded in all his territories, which encompassed most of East Francia, by Charles the Fat, already King of Italy and Emperor. This reunited the kingdom of East Francia. Upon the death of his cousin West Frankish King Carloman II in 884, he inherited all of West Francia, thus reuniting the entire Carolingian Empire. Usually considered lethargic and inept—he is known to have had repeated illnesses and is believed to have suffered from epilepsy—he twice purchased peace with Viking raiders, including the infamous Siege of Paris (885–886) which led to his downfall. The reunited Empire did not last. In November 887 his nephew Arnulf of Carinthia (Carloman of Bavaria's son), led a coup and Charles was deposed in East Francia, Lotharingia, and Kingdom of Italy. Forced into quiet retirement he died of natural causes in January 888, just a few weeks after his deposition. Arnulf was elected king by the nobles of East Francia (only the eastern realm, though Charles had ruled the whole of the Frankish Empire). West Francia, the Kingdom of Burgundy and the Kingdom of Italy at this point elected their own kings from the Carolingian family. Arnulf eventually took back Lotharingia for his illegitimate son Zwentibold, and tried to go after parts of West Francia and Italy, but never truly succeeded. Louis the Child succeeded his father Arnulf as king of East Francia in 899, when he was only six. During his reign the country was ravaged by Magyar raids. He died at age 18 in 911. The vacuum left in the Carolingian East was eventually filled in 919 by the family of Henry the Fowler, a cousin, and heralded the beginning of the Ottonian dynasty. However, in 911 the dukes of East Francia elected Conrad of Franconia as the king of East Francia, while the nobles of Lotharingia elected as their king Charles the Simple, king of West Francia.

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