Frederick III the Peaceful (2 feb 1440 anni – 19 agos 1493 anni)

Descrizione:

The eldest son of the Inner Austrian duke Ernest the Iron, a member of the Leopoldian line of the Habsburg dynasty, and his second wife Cymburgis of Masovia.
The Leopoldian line ruled over Inner Austria. In 1424, nine-year-old Frederick's father died, making Frederick the duke of Inner Austria, as Frederick V, with his uncle, Duke Frederick IV of Tyrol, acting as regent. Finally, in 1435, his cousin Albert V, duke of Austria (later Albert II, the king of Germany), awarded him the rule over his Inner Austrian heritage. Almost from the beginning, Frederick's younger brother Albert asserted his rights as a co-ruler, as the beginning of a long rivalry.
After the deaths of his uncle and cousin in 1439, Frederick took his place as head of the family. As such he also assumed the guardianship over his cousin Sigismund, who had inherited Tyrol, and one year later that of his nephew Ladislaus, heir to the duchies on the Danube. As ruler of Austria, Frederick now found himself in constant conflict with the local nobility who opposed his role as guardian.
Despite his weakness as a ruler, Frederick was elected Roman-German king in 1440. One of his allies was Pope Nicholas V; in 1448 pontiff and king concluded the Vienna Concordat, which remained in force until the end of the Holy Roman Empire. This paved the way for the establishing of Vienna as a bishopric and diocese in its own right – and also for the coronation of Frederick as emperor in Rome in 1452, the only instance of a Habsburg achieving this ultimate accolade.
Frederick continually faced challenges from the German nobles, and eventually his brother Albert IV. His reign also saw the two crowns of Bohemia and Hungary that Ladislaus had borne lost to the Habsburgs: George of Poděbrady became king of Bohemia, and Matthias Corvinus (Hunyadi Mátyás) king of Hungary.
Nevertheless, by his dynastic entitlement to Hungary as well as by the Burgundian inheritance (he married his son Maximilian to Mary of Burgundy), he laid the foundations for the later Habsburg Empire. Mocked as "Arch-Sleepyhead of the Holy Roman Empire"during his lifetime, he is today increasingly seen as an efficient ruler. He was the longest-reigning German monarch when in 1493, after ruling his domains for more than 53 years, he was succeeded by his son Maximilian I.

Aggiunto al nastro di tempo:

Data: