The Ayyubid Sultanate (1 gen 1169 anni – 1 gen 1260 anni)

Descrizione:

The Ayyubid dynasty, established by Saladin in 1171, followed the abolition of Egypt's Fatimid Caliphate. Originating from a Kurdish Sunni Muslim background, Saladin was initially the vizier under the Zengid ruler Nur ad-Din before becoming Sultan of Egypt. His rule expanded Egypt's borders, making it a powerful Sunni state, and his military campaigns significantly influenced regional politics, especially after his victory at the Battle of Hattin in 1187 against the Crusaders. Following Saladin's death in 1193, the dynasty experienced internal divisions, although it maintained dominance in Egypt until the Mamluks overthrew it in 1250. Despite their relatively short reign, the Ayyubids had a lasting impact on the region, establishing Egypt as a major political and cultural hub and promoting Sunni Islam through educational and architectural advancements.

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