The rule of Babylon over Palestine (1 gen 631 anni a. C. – 1 gen 539 anni a. C.)

Descrizione:

Following the death of King Ashurbanipal in 631 BCE, struggles over succession weakened the Assyrian empire, allowing Babylon to revolt and conquer most of Assyria's territory. Meanwhile, Egypt regained power and established vassal states in the region, collecting taxes in exchange for military protection.

In 616 BCE, Egypt intervened on behalf of Assyria against Babylon but failed to stop Babylon from capturing Nineveh in 612 BCE and Harran two years later. In 609 BCE, Egyptian Pharaoh Necho II executed the Judahite king Josiah at Megiddo and installed Jehoiakim as the king of Judah. However, at the Battle of Carchemish in 605 BCE, Babylon defeated Egypt, leading to the conquest of Philistine cities by Nebuchadnezzar in the following year.

By 601 BCE, Babylonian colonization replaced the former states in the Levant. Nebuchadnezzar's failed invasion of Egypt in the same year led to defections from vassal states, including Judah, sparking the Judahite–Babylonian War. In response, Nebuchadnezzar besieged Jerusalem in 598 BCE, leading to the deportation of King Jeconiah and Jerusalem's aristocracy to Babylon in 597 BCE.

In 587 BCE, Nebuchadnezzar besieged and destroyed Jerusalem, ending the kingdom of Judah. Many Judahites were exiled to Babylon, and Judah, along with Philistine city-states, became provinces of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, with Judah renamed Yehud.

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