The building of the Dome of The Rock (1 gen 687 anni – 1 gen 691 anni)

Descrizione:

The Dome of the Rock, known in Arabic as "Qubbat aṣ-Ṣakhra," is a significant Islamic shrine located at the heart of the Al-Aqsa mosque compound on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem's Old City. It stands as the oldest surviving example of Islamic architecture globally and holds a unique historical and religious significance.

Constructed during the Second Fitna under the Umayyad Caliphate, specifically ordered by Abd al-Malik, the Dome of the Rock's initial construction took place between 691 and 692 CE. It was built atop the site of the Second Jewish Temple, which had been destroyed by the Romans in 70 CE. The structure itself has undergone renovations and reconstructions over the centuries, notably following the collapse of the original dome in 1015, with subsequent rebuilding in 1022–23.

Architecturally, the Dome of the Rock exhibits a blend of Byzantine and Islamic influences, with its octagonal shape and ornate decorations. Its interior boasts lavish mosaics, faience, marble, and Qur'anic inscriptions, reflecting the artistic and cultural fusion of its time.

The significance of the Dome of the Rock transcends religious boundaries. For Muslims, it is revered as the place from which the Night Journey of Prophet Muhammad began and holds ties to the creation of the world. For Jews, it is the site of biblical events such as Abraham's attempted sacrifice of his son and is considered the holiest spot on earth, where God's divine presence is believed to be most manifest. Moreover, the site holds historical significance for Christians, as it is situated within the vicinity of important Christian landmarks.

Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Dome of the Rock stands as a symbol of Jerusalem's rich cultural and religious heritage. Its construction marked a pivotal moment in Islamic architecture, setting precedents for subsequent Islamic structures. Despite its complex history and various interpretations of its motivations, the Dome of the Rock remains a testament to the enduring legacy of faith and architecture in the region.

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