Battle for Jerusalem (1 dic 1947 anni – 18 lugl 1948 anni)

Descrizione:

The Battle for Jerusalem occurred during the 1947–1948 civil war phase of the 1947–1949 Palestine war, involving Jewish and Arab militias, and later the militaries of Israel and Transjordan, vying for control of Jerusalem. Despite the UN's 1947 Partition Plan designating Jerusalem as a corpus separatum under international administration, conflict erupted immediately in the city.

By February 1948, Arab militias blockaded Jerusalem, cutting off Jewish residents from vital supplies. This blockade was initially broken in April 1948 by Jewish militias through Operations Nachshon and Maccabi. In response, the Etzioni and Harel brigades, assisted by Irgun troops, launched operations to control Arab areas of the city. The Arab Legion, prompted by Israeli gains, intervened and secured East Jerusalem, including the Old City, expelling its Jewish inhabitants and capturing many as prisoners of war.

Despite multiple Israeli attempts to free the main road to Jerusalem, particularly at Latrun, they were unsuccessful until an alternative route, the "Burma Road," was established, effectively ending the siege. During the first UN-imposed truce in June, Jerusalem received substantial supplies, stabilizing the situation for its Jewish residents. The city remained divided post-war, with Jordan controlling the eastern parts, including the Old City, and Israel retaining the western parts.

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