The Spanish Civil War (1 gen 1936 anni – 1 gen 1939 anni)

Descrizione:

Since even before the Napeolonic Wars, Spain had been a hotbed of crises; both political and economic. Experiencing various attempts at monarchy and republic as well as numerous constitutions and bankruptcies, Spain would come to lag behind other European powers and would lose the vast majority of its empire throughout the 19th century.

Nationalist and conservative elements, who stubbornly clung on to what remained of the Spanish Empire and leftists and liberals who were typically less enthused about it, came into major conflict as a result of an anti-Spanish uprising in the Rif in Morocco. This would cause a major rift in Spanish society, notably including the military and politics.

From 1936 until 1939, in response to a coup by Spanish military officers who sought to create a dictatorship, a civil war would rage across the country, devastating it. This war would be later seen as a prelude to WW2 and both Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy tested out weaponry and tactics during it, in support of right-wing elements.

The war is also notable for the vast differences in ideologies of participants, with the Republicans featuring Stalinists, Trotskyists, Anarchists, Social Democrats and Liberals while the Nationalists included Monarchists, Integralists and Fascists.

Many politicians, writers and celebrities would become involved in the conflict in one way or other including George Orwell and Ernest Hemingway who both supported the republicans, with Orwell fighting and Hemingway reporting. This would be the origin of Orwell's disdain for Stalin and Stalinism after seeing the infighting among republican factions.

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