The Ummayad dynasty (1 gen 661 anni – 1 gen 750 anni)

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Located in Arabia, Persia, the Caucasis mountains, North Africa, and Spain, the Ummayad empire was important because it solved the issue of the succession of Muhammad, and expanded the territory occupied by the umma. However, it was very Arab-centric, and imposed a tax called the jizya on the people they conquered who did not convert to Islam. The empire collapsed because of pressure from the Shia faction, who believed that only direct descendents of Muhammad had the power to rule, but also because of greed and luxury of the rulers causing discontentment among the people who'd been conquered.

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