Vasco de Gama (8 lugl 1497 anni – 24 dic 1524 anni)

Descrizione:

On 8 July 1497 Vasco da Gama sailed from Lisbon with a fleet of four ships with a crew of 170 men from Lisbon. Storms delayed them for a while during the trip. They rounded the cape on November 22 and three days later anchored at Mossel Bay, South Africa. They began sailing again on December 8. They anchored for a bit in January near Mozambique at the Rio do Cobre (Copper River) and continued on until they reached the Rio dos Bons Sinais (River of Good Omens). Here they erected a statue in the name of Portugal. They stayed for a while because the crews had scurry, a disease. In the meanwhile, de Gama traded with the natives. After they recovered, they sailed for another 23 days, and on May 20, 1498 they reached India. They spent several months trading in India, and studying their customs. They left India at the end of August. Da Gama finally returned to Portugal in September 1499.

On his second expedition, da Gama commanded 10 ships. The Portuguese expedition sailed to Kilwa, in what is now Tanzania. The ruler of Kilwa, the amīr Ibrāhīm, had been unfriendly to Cabral; da Gama threatened to burn Kilwa if the Amīr did not submit to the Portuguese and swear loyalty to King Manuel, which he then did. Coasting southern Arabia, da Gama then called at Goa (later the focus of Portuguese power in India) before proceeding to Cannanore, a port in southwestern India to the north of Calicut, where he lay in wait for Arab shipping. After several days an Arab ship arrived with merchandise and between 200 and 400 passengers, da Gama slaughtered everyone on board and seized the cargo. After da Gama formed an alliance with the ruler of Cannanore, an enemy of the Zamorin, the fleet sailed to Calicut, with the aim of wrecking its trade and punishing the Zamorin for the favour he had shown to Muslim traders. Da Gama bombarded the port and seized and massacred 38 hostages. On February 20, 1503, the fleet left Cannanore for Mozambique on the first stage of their return voyage, reaching the Tagus on October 11.

Da Gama was sent to the subcontinent once again in 1524 after gaining a formidable reputation as a "fixer" of problems that emerged in India. The plan was to succeed the inept Eduardo de Menezes as viceroy (representative) of Portuguese possessions, but not long after arriving in Goa, he contracted malaria and died on Christmas Eve in 1524 in the city of Cochin. His body was first buried in the church of St. Francis, Fort Kochi, then his remains were later returned to Portugal in 1539 and buried in a magnificent tomb in Vidigueira. The Hieronymites Monastery in Belém, Lisbon, was erected in honour of his journey to India.

https://exploration.marinersmuseum.org/subject/vasco-da-gama/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vasco-da-Gama
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasco_da_Gama#First_voyage
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vasco-da-Gama/The-second-voyage
https://www.vedantu.com/biography/vasco-da-gama-biography

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