Umayyad Caliphate (1 gen 661 anni – 1 gen 750 anni)

Descrizione:

The Umayyad Caliphate was foundational for the consolidation of power and the development of Islamic culture and civilization. The Umayyad capital was in Damascus where the Church of John the Baptist formerly a Temple to Jupiter was converted into the Great Mosque of Damascus. This conversion is symbolic of many of the transformations which happened within the caliphate. The people were not required to convert, but rather it was incentivized. Early on the church had an added prayer room for Muslims but as they became a majority the entire building was converted to a mosque.

During the rule of Yazid, Husayn Ali's son was killed at Karbala leading to the Sunni and Shi'a divide and another civil war. A later caliph, Abd al-Malik, built the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem. He also made Arabic the state religion.

Additional Sources:

Image - Wikipedia

Lee, Benjamin de. "Umayyad Caliphate." World History Encyclopedia, Alfred J. Andrea, ABC-CLIO, 1st edition, 2011. Credo Reference, http://ezproxy.macalester.edu/login?url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/abccliow/umayyad_caliphate/0?institutionId=742. Accessed 29 Apr. 2018.

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