IB History Timeline
Category: Storia
è stato aggiornato: 1 mesi fa
All the key events for the SL IB history curriculum - Move to Global War, Authoritarian States and The Cold War
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Created byAva McGinley Smith
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Eventi
German Socialist Government agree to the terms of the ArmisticeKaiser AbdicatesTreaty Of Versailles put in placeKapp Putsch:
The Freihorps attempt to overthrow the Weimar govt and replace it with a military dictatorshipBeer Hall Putsch:
Hitler's attempt to sieze power in MunichHilter released from prison after 9 monthsHitler relaunches the Nazi PartyGustav Stresemann apointed chancellor and foreign ministerIntroduction of the new currency - RetenmarkThe Dawes Plan:
An agreement between Allies and G, loans and reduced payments under the terms of the ToVThe Young Plan:
Cut Germany's reparitions from £6.6 billion to £2 billionGermany Joins the League of Nations and was given a place on the councilThe Kellogg-Briand Pact:
Between 62 countries agreeing not to use war as a means to end international disputesThe Bamburg Conference:
Mmeeting of the leadership of the Nazi Party in Bamburg - Hitler established 'Leader Principle' giving himself absolute control of the partyChancellor Bruning cuts government expenditure, wages and unemployment payChancellor Hermann Muller resigned - replaced by Chancellor BruningHitler withdraws Germany from the Geneva Conference on the grounds that no other countries were disarmingHitler reintroduces conscription - directly breaking the ToVHitler remilitarises the Rhineland:
The LoN did nothing to stop himThe Munich Agreement:
Allowed Germany to annex the part of Czechoslovakia known as the SudetenlandHossbach Memorandum:
Hitler's intentions to persue a more agressive foreign policyAnglo-German Naval Agreement:
Germany's navy could be 35% the size of the British NavyAnschluss:
German troops invaded Austria and Germany and Austria and unifiedBerchtegaiden:
Meeting wher Chamberlain persuaded France and the Czech to
transfer the Sudeten areas of Czecholoslovakia to GermanyNon-agression pact between Germany and PolandRome-Berlin Axis:
Germany and Italy, both under facist leadership,
formed a diplomatic and political partnershipAnti-comintern Pact:
Agreement between Japan and Germany aimed at countering the international influence of the Communist International (comintern)Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact:
Non-agression treaty, dividing Eastern Europe into spheres of influence, allowing Germany to invade Poland without fear of Soviet InterventionThe Pact of Steel:
Military alliance between Italy, Japan and Germany - both offensive and defensive - formally split the world into two sidesBolsheviek Revolution in RussiaItaly loses Teritory due to the Treaty of VersaillesItaly's General Election:
The Facist Party won 35 seats in governmentBenito Mussolini is bornMarch On Rome:
Mussolini and 6 leading Fascists met in Milan
and decided the time was right to take powerFacist Congress in Naples:
The Facist leaders proclaimed their intentions to march on Rome and seize powerMussolini becomes secretary for the Socialist PartyMussolini becomes part of the Socialist Party CongressMussolini leaves the Socialist Party to start his newspaperFacist Party is createdThe Facist Party attack the Socialist PressFollowing the March on Rome, Mussolini becomes Prime Minister of ItalyMussolini and Hitler meet to devide EuropeItaly joins the warMussolni replaced and Italy changes sideMussolini and wife are shot and hangedItalian General Election:
Acerbo Law enabled the Fascists to take control of Parliament the following year and impose a dictatorship.Creation of the Grand Council of FacismUltimatum from Militant Consultants to Mussolini to crush opposition or they will do so without himMussolini passes law to title himself "head of government":
Building a police state and becoming a defacto legal dictatorMussolini survives assasination attempt by Violet GibsonMussolini survives assinination attempt by 15 year old Anteo ZamboniGrand Council of Facism made into a state bodyFormation of ORVA- Organisation for Vigillance and Repression of Anti-Facism:
Institutionalised secret police that carried official state supportThe Treaty of Rome:
Ceded Fiume to ItalyInvasion of Albania:
Italy invaded and added Albania to its new empireThe Charter Oath:
Provided a roadmap for Japan's modernisation - encouraged instituation, unity and openness to global ideasTreaty of Kanagawa:
First treaty with a western nation, established a "permanent friendship" between Japan and the United States, marking the end of Japan's seclusion periodAnglo-Japanese Alliance:
Ended Japan's diplomatic isolation but also was the first military alliance between a Western and non-Western nationFour-Power Treaty:
Ended the Anglo-Japanses Alliance, the USA, Britain, France and Japan were to confer if there was a crisis in the PacificThe Five-Power Naval Treaty:
Limited the tonnage of the American, Japanese, British, French and Italian naviesNine-Power Treaty:
Japan, America, Britian, France, Italy, China, Portugal, Belgium
and the Netherlands were to respect China's integrity and
independance and abide by "open door" principlesThe Manchurian Crisis:
A section of Japanese railway was blown up - Japan's
soliders, the Kwantung Army, claimed it was China
(there is evidence that says it was the Kwantung
Army), and attacked the ChineseThe Rape of Nanjing:
The mass murder of Chinese civillians by the Japanese Army - 100,000 to 300,000 are killedMao is bornFormation of the CCP (Chinese Communist Party)Mao declares himself leader of China:
After winning the Civil War he gives a victory speech in BeijingFall of the Qing DynastyThe People's Republic of China is formedThe Chinese People's Consultative Conference meet:
Identified 5 black categories:
revolutionaries, feudalists, imperialists, bureaucratics,
enemies of the peopleEstablishment of the Chinese Republicjiang Jieshi takes leadership of the GMDMao sets up his Red ArmyLand Reform Starts:
Peasant led redistribution of land from the landlords to the workersMao steps down as chairman after the results of the Great Leap Forward;
widespread famine killing 30-45 million peopleThe New Marriage Law:
Mao delivers a new law stating both parties needed to consent and be over 18 in order to be wedElection Law:
Mao gives women the right to love and join the governmentVE Day:
Victory in Europe as Germany surrenders to the Russian armyPotsdam Conference:
Formally division of Germany and Austria into four zonesHiroshima:
United States drop the first atomic bomb on HiroshimaNagasaki:
United States drop the second atomic bomb on NagasakiVJ Day:
Japan surrenders ending WWIIVietnam Independence:
Ho Chi Minh proclaims Vietnam as an independent rebublicChurchill makes his Iron Curtain SpeechMarshall Plan:
Economic aid program from the USA to any European countryTruman Doctrine:
USA promises to help any country facing communist takeoverCominform:
Communist Information Bureau, lead to the creation of the Eastern BlocFormation of West Germany:
The Allies sector's of Germany were merged to form West
Germany, leaving the USSR with the east sectorBerlin Blockade:
In response to West Germany, Russia cuts off all road and rail links to BerlinEnd of the Berlin BlockadeThe formation of NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation):
Members - Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland,
Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
the United Kingdom, and the United StatesNorth Korea invades South KoreaNorth Korea remains affilitated with Russia and South Korea remains affiliated with USAJoseph Stalin dies - succeeded by Nikita KhrushchevWarsaw Pact:
East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland,
Hungary, Romania, Albania, Bulgaria, and
the Soviet Union.Hungary falls back under Soviet Union controlSuez Crisis:
British and French force invaded Egypt to regain control of the Suez
Canal which had been nationalised by the Egyptian leader Nasser - the
attack was critised by World Leaders (the US especially because
Russia has offered its support to Eygpt) - they were forced to withdraw
and UN peace keeping force was sent to establish orderUSSR's Sputnik II puts Laika the dog into spaceUSA's spy U2 plane shot down over Russian airspaceRussian cosmonaught Yuri Alekseyvich becomes the first human being in spaceBay of Pigs Invasion:
Force of Cuban exiles, trained by the CIA, aided by the US government attempt
and fail to invade Cuba and overthrow the Communist government of Fidel CastroBerlin Wall:
Wall built around Berlin and borders sealed between East and West GermanyCuban Missile Crisis:
The USA's discovery of a Soviet nuclear missile
base in Cuba brings the world close to brink of nuclear warThe Cuban Missile Crisis is averted, Russia agrees to remove the missiles and the US agrees not to invade CubaPresident JF Kennedy is assasinated - an arrest was made but
there is speculation that there was communist or CIA involvementNikita Khrushchev removed from office - replaced by Leonid BrezhnevUS gets involved in the Vietnamese War - they send 150,000 troopsThe Soviets invade Czechoslovakia:
Warsaw Pact forces enter Czechoslovakia
to stop Ducek's 'Prague Spring' reformsUS launches Apollo 8 and achieve
the first manned orbit of the moonUS's Apollo 11 lands on the moon making Neil
Armstrong the first man on the moonCambodian Campaign:
US troops, on Nixon's orders, invade Cambodia where the
communist People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) were retreating toFour Power Agreement Berlin:
Between Russia, USA, Britain and France reconfirming the rights
and responsibilities of said countries with regard to BerlinSALT I:
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty is signed by the US and the USSRThe Paris Peace Accords end American involvement in VietnamCambodia Killing Fields:
The Khmer Rouge attack and take control of Cambodia,
any supporters of the former regieme, indivdual with
links to foreign governments, intellectuals and proffessionals
were excecuted in a genocide known as the killing fieldsNorth Vietnam invade South Vietnam, capturing Saigon,
winning the war and mkaing the whole country CommunistApollo-Soyuz Test Project:
Joint venture between USA and USSR, ending the Space RaceJimmy Carter becomes the new US presidentIranian Hostage Crisis:
Iranian students and militants storm the
American embassy, taking 53 Americans
hostage to show their support for the Iranian
RevolutionSoviet troops invade AfghanistanUSA's Olympic Boycott:
Protesting Russia's invasion of Afghanistan,
the USA boycotts the Moscow OlympicsMartial law declared in Poland to crush to
Solidarity MovementIranian Hostage Crisis ends 444 days after it
beganSTART:
During a summit in Geneva, Reagan proposes
Strategic Arms Reduction TalksRussian Olympic Boycott:
In retalliation for the US boycott, Russia and 13
of its allies boycott the Los Angeles Summer
OlympicsGorbachev becomes the new leader of the Soviet UnionThe Chernobyl Disaster:
Explosion at the Ukrainian Chernobyl nuclear
power plant, weakening the USSR1Glasnost and Perestroika:
Gorbachev's policies of glastnost (openness)
and perestroika (restructuring), advocating free
elections and ending the arms raceThe last Soviet troops leave AfghanistanTianenmen Square:
Anti Communist protests in Beijing, China are
crushed by the government, the death toll is
unknownTadeusz Mazowiecki elected leader of the
Polish government – the first eastern bloc
country to become a democracyHungary proclaims itself a republicThe Berlin Wall is torn downMalta Summit:
Gorbachev and Bush meet and reverse much of
the provisions of the Yalta Conference 1945, the
beginning of the end of the Cold WarEast and West Germany are reunited as one countryThe Warsaw Pact, which allied Communist countries, endsSTART is signed by Russia and the USAGorbachev resigns, the Soviet Union flag is lowered on the KremlinRussia formally recognises the end of the Soviet UnionPeriodi
Germany Run by the KaiserSpartacist Uprising:
Communists that wanted Germany to be run by the working classesFrench and Belgian troops' invasion of the RhurThe Locarno Treaties/Lorcarno Pact:
Finalise territorial settlements and enabled Germany to enter the LoNThe Great Depression:
Created mass unemployment, banking panics, increased poverty and homelessnessThe Genva ConferenceThe Spanish Civil War:
Violent conflict between the nationalists and republicans - Hitler saw Franco as a potential allyHitler's Four Year Plan:
Economic autarky, rearmament and military preparationWorld War IILiberal ItalyBienno Rosso/Two Red Years:
The surge of the socialists - workers striking, inspired by what they saw in Russia and GermanyMatteotti, the socialist deputy, dissapears and was found dead with a carpenters file stabbed into his chestAventine Secession:
Socialists boycot parliament to get the king to dismiss MussoliniMussolini abolishes all other political parties following the assasination attemptsMussolini orders the eradication of the MafiaThe Corfu Incident:
Mussolini invaded the Greek island Corfu after the death of an Italian
Offical; Italy withdrew after the Greeks gave them a payment of 50
million lire - it was seen as a great sucess for ItalyThe Abyssinian Crisis:
Italy invaded the independent African country of Abyssinia (now Ethiopia)The Meji Restoration:
The era of political, economic and social change that brought about the modernisation and westernization of the countryThe First Sino-Japanese War:
Marked the emergence of Japan as a major world powerRussio-Japanese War:
They had rival ambitions in Manchuria and Korea, Japan earned the respect of the
West and the admiration of other Asian nations. It affirmed Japan's belief in its destiny
as leader of AsiaWWI:
Japan was a member of the Allies and seized German possesions in the Pacific and East Asia
Japan grew economically and gained recognition as a Great Power globallyThe Dark Valley:
Period in Japanese history in which a military government was established creating political turmoilThe Chinese Civil War:
Fought between the Nationalists (GMD) and the CCPThe Second Sino-Japanese War:
Japanese attacks were brutalThe Chinese Civil War - Second Half:
Fought between the Nationalists (GMD) and the CCPNationalist Governance:
Were blamed for the suffering of the ordinary people - inherited a struggling Chinese economyThe Five Antis Campaign:
A thought reform campaign that targeted enemies of the stateThe CCP undertake The Long MarchThe Hundred Flowers Campaign:
Lift of censorship to allow citizens to openly critise Mao's regieme,
people complained about corruption, low living standards and
censorshipThe Anti-Rightist Campaign:
Branded 1/2 millon intellectuals as "rightists" and subjected them to prosecutionThe Great Leap Forward:
Aimed to industrialise and agriculturise China so they could become a world powerThe First Five Year Plan:
Speed up China's Industrial GrowthThe Cultural Revolution:
purging remnants of capitalist and traditional elements from Chinese
society to preserve socialismThe Great Famine in Tibet:
While China was struggling with famine as a result of the GLF, it has been suggested that the famine in Tibet was manmadeThe Yalta Conference:
Meeting between Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin to decide; Partitioning of
Germany, Fate of Poland, The United Nations, German reparationsThe Korean WarGeneva Accords:
Set of documents ending the French
and Viet Minht war, divided Vietnam
into North and South StatesHungarian Revolution:
Begins as a protest against Communist RuleVietnam WarThe Velvet Revolution:
A series of peaceful protests in Czechoslovakia, leading to the overthrow of the Communist governmentRomanian Revolution:
Rioting in Romania culminates in the overthrow
and excecution of the leader Ceausecu and his wifeProgresso dell''evento
of voters in the Saar Plebiscite in favour of reunification with Germany
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