Islam timeline
Category: Altro
è stato aggiornato: 26 set 2017
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Created byKevin Kan
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The Light on Abd-Allah's face
disappeared after visiting his wife,
and Muhammad was bornAmina dies, leaving Muhammad as an orphan.
Abd Multalib took care of Muhammad, but later
died as well. Abu Talib took care of Muhammad
next. They went together to see Bahira.Muhammad (25yo) is proposed to by Khadija
(40yo). They had four daughters.During the Month of Ramadan and the Night of
Power, Muhammad had his first revelation in
the cave in Hira MountainBy this time, Muhammad was known as the
messenger. Aristocrats did not like this, because
1. Socio-economic reason: Islam taught equality,
and they wanted to be on top.
2. Economic reason: The Pagan pilgrimmage
brought a lot of trade, and Pagans would stop if
Islam prevailed.
3. Theological reason: Islam said there is only 1
God (no worshipping idols)The lower class followed Muhammad and
traveled to modern-day Etheopia. Pagans sent
people to convince the Etheopian king to kick
the Muslims out, but the King allowed them to
stay because Muslims were accepting of
Christianity.Makkans were furious and boycotted the
Hashimites. Abu Talib pleaded Muhammad to
compromise but he wouldn't. He fled and was
rejected by many places in Makka.Abu Talib and Khadija die, and this is known as
the Year of Mourning.Muhammad arbitrated and resolved the feud
between Aws and Kazraj. Muhammad found a
place in Madina for his people.Hijra:
Muhammad, his guide, and Abu Bakr escape to
Madina. Makkans tried to conspire to kill
Muhammad (stab by many people at the same
time), but Muhammad had Ali disguise himself
as Muhammad, and Muhammad was able to
escape.The first Mosque (Masjid) was built; the first
islamic state was established; Muhammad is the
first head of the islamic stateBattle of Badr:
During the Month of Ramadan, a Makkan
caravan was passing by Madina for rest, and the
Muslims wanted to close the water wells
(Muslims won)Battle of Uhud:
Makkans came back and defeated the MuslimsBattle of Khandaq (trenches):
Makkans try to attack Muslims again, but are
forced to retreat due to the trenches
Muhammad and the Muslims dug.Treaty of Al-Hudaibiyya:
Muhammad went to Makka and negotiated a
treaty. The treaty \allowed Muhammad to visit
Makka the following year, said that the leaders
of Makka would leave while he was there, and
started a 10 year truce.Muhammad went back to Makka, but while he
was there, Muslims were captured and the
treaty was broken.Muhammad struck back and took Makka
peacefully.Muhammad died at 62 years old. Before he died
he gave a speech in Makka saying all people are
equal. The Muslims community started dividing -
Abu Bakr became the first Khalifa and Ridda
Wars took placeUmar became the second Khalifa. With the
help of Amr Ibn al-Ass, he conquered any places
and expanded the islamic state.Umar was stabbed. Uthman became the third
Khalifa, and was not a very good leader because
he practiced nepotism. He expanded the islamic
state to Africa, and compiled the Quron.Uthman was assassinated by a Muslim and Ali
became the fourth Khalifa. A'isha, daughter of
Abu Bakr, led the battle of the Camel against Ali.Battle of Siffin:
Ali tried to appoint new governors, but Muawiya,
governor of Syria, would not step down.
Muawiya fake a peace statement (Quron on
spears) and Ali agreed to have Abu Musa
arbitrate with Amr. Amr tricked Abu Musa to
denounce Ali, and Ali's troops were furious,
splitting into 2 groups:
Kharijites: Niether ALi nor Mu'awiya;
Shi'ites: Supporters of AliAli was murdered (buried in Najaf), and
Mu'awiya declared himself King, and established
the Umayyad Dynasty.Ashura:
Husain is killed brutally - buried in KarbalaUmar made 622 the first year of the Islamic calendar
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