History of the World
Category: Altro
è stato aggiornato: 27 nov 2018
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Created byLourdes Alvarez
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Beginnings of European silk industry after Justinian's missionaries smuggle silkworms out of ChinaBuddhism in JapanSt. Augustine of Canterbury brings Christianity to BritainAfter killing about half the population, plague in Europe subsidesMohammed flees from Mecca to Medina (the Hegira); first year of the Muslim calendarMuslim empire growsArabs conquer JerusalemArabs conquer PersiansArabs attack North AfricaArabs destroy CarthageArab empire extends from Lisbon to ChinaCharles Martel, Frankish leader, defeats Arabs at Tours/Poitiers, halting Arab advance in EuropeCharlemagne becomes king of the FranksVikings begin attacks on BritainVikings land in IrelandCharlemagne crowned first Holy Roman Emperor in RomeCharlemagne diesCharlemagne is succeeded by his son, Louis the Pious, who divides France among his sonsNorsemen attack as far south as the Mediterranean but are thwartedNorsemen discover IcelandAlfred the Great becomes king of BritainAlfred the Great defeats Danish invadersVikings discover GreenlandOtto I becomes King of GermanyMieczyslaw I becomes first ruler of PolandEric the Red establishes first Viking colony in GreenlandHugh Capet elected King of France (Capetian dynasty to rule until 1328)Musical notation systematizedOtto I crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope John XIIHungary and Scandinavia converted to Christianity. Viking raider Leif Eriksson discovers North America, calls it Vinland. Beowulf, Old English epic.Murasaki Shikibu finishes The Tale of Genji, the world's first novelMuslims destroy Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem.Danes control EnglandCanute takes throneCanute conquers NorwayCanute dies. Canute divides kingdoms among his sons: Harold Harefoot (England), Sweyn (Norway), Hardecanute (Denmark).Macbeth murders Duncan, king of Scotland.Robert Guiscard, Norman invader, establishes kingdom in Italy, conquers SicilyFinal separation between Eastern (Orthodox) and Western (Roman) churchesSeljuk Turks, Asian nomads, move west, capture Baghdad, ArmeniaSeljuk Turks, Asian nomads, capture Syria, and PalestineWilliam of Normandy invades England, defeats last Saxon king, Harold II, at Battle of Hastings, crowned William I of England (“the Conqueror”).Construction on the cathedral in Pisa, Italy, begins.Emergence of strong papacy when Gregory VII is elected. Conflict with English and French kings and German emperors will continue throughout medieval period.At Council of Clermont, Pope Urban II calls for a holy war to wrest control of Jerusalem from Muslims, which launches the First CrusadeSecond Crusade begins.Angkor Wat is completedThomas á Becket named Archbishop of Canterbury, murdered by Henry II's menTroubadours (wandering minstrels) glorify romantic concepts of feudalismIbn-Rushd begins translating Aristotle's worksHenry II in England, killed in FranceRichard I succeeds Henry II in England,, succeeded by King John. Third Crusade.Crucifixion of JesusHan dynasty in China founded by Emperor Kuang Wu Ti.Claudius is poisoned ending his reign as emperor.Nero commits suicide ending the line of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.Jews revolt against Rome and Jerusalem is destroyedRoman persecutions of Christians beginOldest Mayan temples in Central America are builtGoths invade Asia MinorThe Persian Empire is re-establishedEnd of the Chinese Han dynastyConstantine the Great reunites the eastern and western Roman empires, with a new capital Constantinople on site of ByzantiumConstantine the Great issues the Edict of Milan legalizing ChristianityConstantine the Great becomes a Christian on his deathbedCouncil of Nicaea defines orthodox Christian doctrineFirst Gupta dynasty in IndiaHuns (Mongols) invade EuropeRoman empire permanently divided. The western empire ruled from Rome and eastern empire ruled from Constantinople.Alaric, king of the Visigoths, sacks RomeAttila, Hun chieftain, attacks Roman provincesSt. Patrick returns to Ireland and brings Christianity to the islandSt. Augustine's City of GodVandals destroy RomeWestern Roman empire ends as Odoacer, German chieftain, overthrows last Roman emperor, Romulus Augustulus, and becomes king of ItalyOstrogothic kingdom of Italy established by Theodoric the GreatClovis, ruler of the Franks, is converted to ChristianityFirst schism between western and eastern churchesEastern and western churches reconciledJustinian I, the Great becomes Byzantine EmperorJustinian I, the Great issues his first code of civil laws and conquers North Africa, Italy, and part of SpainPlague spreads through EuropeArthur, semi-legendary king of the Britons is killedBoëthius, Roman scholar is executedPeriodi
Birth of Jesus ChristReign of Augustus Tiberius (Roman Emperor)The reign of Caligula Successor to Augustus Tiberius. Assassinated in A.D. 41 (Roman Emperor)Reign of Claudius (Roman Emperor)Buddhism introduced to China somewhere during this time periodReign of Nero (Roman Emperor)Missionary journeys of Paul the ApostleColosseum built in RomeTrajan rules and the Roman Empire extends to Mesopotamia, Arabia, BalkansHadrian rules Rome and codifies Roman law, rebuilds the Pantheon, establishes a postal system, and builds wall between England and Scotland.The Jews revolt against Bar Kokhba. Final Diaspora of Jews beginsMarcus Aurelius rules RomeRoman persecution of Christians increaseIncreasing invasions of the Roman empire by Franks and Goths. Buddhism spreads in China.Classic Period of the Mayan civilization witch develop hieroglyphic writing, advances in art, architecture, science.Rule of Constantine the GreatTheodosius the Great rules and is the last emperor of a united Roman empire.Western Roman empire disintegrates under weak emperors.Lifetime of Justinian I, the GreatLifetime of Mohammed, founder of IslamLifetime of Venerable Bede, English monkLifetime of CharlemagneIntroduction of pagodas in Japan from China.Caliph Harun al-Rashid rules Arab empire during the “golden age” of Arab cultureCity of Machu Picchu flourishes in Peru.Arabs conquer Crete, Sicily, and SardiniaExistence of Russian nation founded by Vikings under Prince Rurik, establishing capital at NovgorodBeginning of Mayan Post-Classical periodArab Spain under Abd ar-Rahman III becomes center of learningVikings and Danes attack BritainClassic Pueblo period of Anasazi culture; cliff dwellings8 European military campaignsConstruction of Cathedral at Chartres, France.Universities of Paris and Oxford founded in France and England
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