Eventi
Columbian Exposition, 1893 Chicago World's FairUS Census Bureau closes the frontierLimerick's the legacy of conquest;
continuity
convergence
conquest
complexitybefore Turner, but provided content for his thesiswestward the course of an empire takes its way (mural)Currier and Ives versio of westward the cpurseUs claims land from atlantnic to mississippiJefferson buys yhe Louisiana Purchase from the FrenchAdam-Onis Treaty
Spain gives US floridaTreaty of limits; gaurantee border between US and MexicoThomas Cole; the Oxbow (shows west as dark and scary)West is still of foreign possession (russia, england, spain, mexico, NA)People want to move west because of Manifest DestinyJohn L. O'Sullivan "The GREAT NATION OF FUTURITY"
religion, patriotism, and a divine missionMexico declares independenceSpain acquires Mexico;
NA would attack mexican towns, so mexicans stayed southMexico is given independenceMexico signs empresarios that bring american families west into mexicoMexico colonization law;
invites americans to come in, but they have to convert into mexicans and catholismSpain wants to colonize texas (has been wanting to for years)mexico closes border to americans because they acted so poorlyamericans outnumber mexicans in texas 7:1, they are being treated poorly by the mexican government and want independence;
mexican military goes to disarm the texansGonzales; the first battle of the texas independncethe alamo; mexican general santa ana massacres the texans in the alamo and occupies it; this is grounds for uniting americans and texans to fight for texan independencePolk is elected into presidential office;
southerner who loved manifest destinyus missionaries start to head into Oregon to convert NAOregon trail is carved in this decadeUS claims oregonpolk compromised to 49th parallel;
1846 Treaty BoundaryJohn Slidell (southerner);
goes to mexico to negotiate border dispute of texas; mexicans disrespect him, so Polk sends in army to occupy rio grandeUS annexes texasstart of us-mexico warBear Flag revolt;
Fremont plants US flag in CA, riles up Californians, and declares Ca to be an independent republic like texas; us annexes one month laterSutter's fort;
Sam Brannon, mormon store owner in Ca, goes to SF and finds gold in the american riverJames Marshall and John Sutter see gold nuggets in their timber mill; they keep this a secret for a little bit; Sam Brannon tells everyone in SF and other cities about the gold; he mines minersPolk finally believes there is goldSF booms in both size and populationWorld rushes into ca for gold, 1 year before americansamericans rush to ca for goldHangtown/Placerville, CA
violence in CA because of competition for wealthforeign miners taxCA becomes a stateAct of the government and protection of indians;
denied indians the ability to testify i court against whites
Also a similar law for chinese is createdCA governor calls for open exterimination of NANew
eventmen to women ratio in Ca is 12:1700,000 slaves, but 4,000,000 in 1860200,000 free blacks living in southGag rule;
topic of slavery was so controversial that congress was now not allowed to talk about itgag rule is rescindedMissouri compromise;
maine is free
missouri is slave
prohibited slavery north of missouri's southern borderwilmont proviso;
did not pass, but asked for all of the territory gained from mexico to be freeNew
eventcompromise of 1850;
ca is free in exchange of a stronger fugitive slave act;
declares utah and new mexico decided by popular sovereigntyKansas nebraska act;
popular sovereignty in kansas
ignores compromise of 1820Dred Scott v. Sanford;
all AA are slaves by birth, so they're not eligible for citizenship
says congress had no right to limit slaveryHomestead Act;
facilitated yeomen and small family farm by making land cheap and available;
cottonacracy opposed this because the land would be freeSamuel Aughey;
prairie soil would absord like a sponge and cause rainfall
plowing land leads to rainDana Wilber;
rain follows the plowend of civil war;
slaves were free and citizens40 acres and a muleblack codes of the 1870s;
limited mobility and rights of blackssharecropping starts;
cycle of povertyNidodemus, Kansas;
large community of exodustersElinor Pruitt Smith;
Letters of a woman homesteader;
tunred out to be fakeTimber Culture Act;
granted additional acres to homestead if they planted treesdesert land act;
granted additional acres if farmers irrigatedTimber and Stone Act;
sold westerners timberland for 2.50 an acre, companies took advantage of thisPacific Railway Act;
two companies build railroadsboth railroad companies finish hard parts of track. decide to meet in Salt lake cityend of the line; rails meet at Promintory PointProclomation Line;
colonists could not cross line because it would cause too many costly conflicts with the NAUS becomes a nation, starts encroaching onto indian landCherokee Constitution;
very similar to US constitution, they wanted to show US that they're similar and can coexistgold is found on cherokke landindian removal act;
trade NA land for western landmemorial of the ladies of steubenville ohio year;
petitioned against the removal actAndrew Jackson's second state of the union;
patted themselves on the back for how they've dealt with NAWorcester v Georgia;
supreme court decides that the Cherokee nation is sovereign and georgians had no right to settle;
jackson does nothing to enforce this, as he hates NATreaty of new echota;
says that if NA don't leae, the US will force tgem out with laws/physical force; group of non-legitimate cherokees agree to it (move to the west in return for money)
chief john ross of the cherokees did not treat it as a real treatyTrail of tears;
NA tribes forcibly removed and repositionedOklahoma Land Run;
Cleveland opens land for allIndian Appropriation Act;
reservations were sovereign, but under US umbrellawhites outnumber NA 3:1 in Oklahoma;
so many people moved in that they petitioned for statehood in 1907Meeting of Lean Bear (Cheyenne) and Abe Lincoln;
Lean Bear pleads with Lincoln to leave them alone, Lincoln says white people will always outnumber NA and he cannot control themmeeting of Lean Bear and Col. John Chivington;
American soldiers kill Lean Bear who was approaching in peace; turning pointSand Creek Massacre;
Chivington open fires on NA village
beginning of plain warsPeriodi
Manifest destiny starts to become popular;
land
slavery
safety valverepublic of texasCA Gold Rushillegal trade of NA childrenbleeding kansas;
battleground between pro and anti slaveryformer slaves with farming knowledge move out westPermanent Indian FrontierProgresso dell''evento
CA's NA population drops from 150k to 30k
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