5 giug 1967 anni - Battle of Abu-Ageila

Descrizione:

The Battle of Abu-Ageila, also known as the Battle of Umm-Qatef, was a significant military engagement between the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and the Egyptian Army during the Six-Day War in June 1967. The decisive Israeli victory, led by Major General Ariel Sharon, was pivotal in the subsequent capture of the Sinai Peninsula by Israel.

Background:
The Israeli offensive into the Sinai Desert involved three divisions: Israel Tal's 84th, Avraham Yoffe's 31st, and Ariel Sharon's 38th. Sharon was tasked with capturing the strategic road junction at Abu-Ageila to access the central Sinai route. The Egyptian defenses, part of their Qahir plan, were concentrated on the Um-Katef plateau, fortified with trenches, bunkers, and artillery.

Opposing Forces:

Israeli Forces: Approximately 14,000 troops with 150 modern tanks, including AMX-13s, Centurions, and upgraded Sherman tanks.
Egyptian Forces: Estimated at 8,000 troops with 66 Soviet T34/85 tanks and 22 SU-100 tank destroyers.
Battle Plan:
Initially, the Israeli plan relied on intelligence suggesting minimal Egyptian defenses at Um-Katef. The attack on 5 June met unexpected resistance and minefields, leading to a change in strategy. Sharon planned a multi-pronged attack with infantry, tanks, and paratroopers. The final assault began on 5 June at midnight, with artillery support and coordinated infantry advances.

Outcome:
By 6 June, Israeli forces overcame the Egyptian defenses, capturing Abu-Ageila and opening the road to the Sinai. The battle resulted in significant Egyptian losses, with 2,000 killed and 60 tanks destroyed. Israeli casualties included 40 killed and 19 tanks lost.

Aftermath:
The victory at Abu-Ageila allowed Israeli forces to advance unimpeded into the Sinai. The panic-stricken retreat order by Egyptian Field Marshal Abdel Hakim Amer led to a disorganized withdrawal, leaving behind large amounts of equipment. This retreat facilitated Israel's rapid occupation of the Sinai Peninsula by 8 June, and the capture of substantial Egyptian military hardware.

In summary, the Battle of Abu-Ageila was a crucial encounter that paved the way for Israel's swift and comprehensive victory in the Sinai Peninsula during the Six-Day War.

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