27 gen 2001 anni - Taba Summit

Descrizione:

The Taba Summit, held from January 21 to 27, 2001, in Sinai, was a series of talks between Israel and the Palestinian Authority aimed at resolving key issues in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. The talks took place during a political transition period, with Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak having resigned and upcoming elections in Israel on February 6, 2001. The inauguration of U.S. President George W. Bush had also just occurred on January 20, 2001. These negotiations followed earlier efforts such as the Oslo Accords and the Camp David Summit and were the closest the two sides had come to a final agreement.

Background: The Taba Summit followed the failed Camp David 2000 Summit and the outbreak of the Second Intifada. Prior negotiations at Bolling Air Force Base in Washington had been hosted by President Clinton from December 19 to 23, 2000, where Clinton presented the Clinton Parameters. A summit in Sharm el-Sheikh was planned for December 28 but was canceled.

Positions:

Israeli Start Positions: Israel held three main points: no right of Palestinian refugees to return to Israel, no Palestinian sovereignty over the Temple Mount/Haram al-Sharif, and Israeli sovereignty over major settlement blocs.
The Moratinos Non-Paper: European Special Representative Miguel Moratinos presented a document summarizing the Taba negotiations, detailing positions on territory, Jerusalem, refugees, and security.
Details:

Territory and Permanent Borders: Both sides agreed that the 1967 lines would form the basis of borders. Israel proposed annexing 6% of the West Bank, with Palestinians proposing 3%. The Israeli proposal would have given Palestinians about 97% of the West Bank.
Jerusalem: Clinton's suggestion of Palestinian sovereignty over Arab neighborhoods and Israeli sovereignty over Jewish neighborhoods was accepted in principle. Both sides favored Jerusalem as the capital of two states.
Refugees: Non-papers exchanged provided a basis for talks. Israel proposed options for refugee resettlement, including return to Israel, Israeli-swapped territory, the Palestinian state, rehabilitation in host countries, and relocation to third countries.
Security: Israel requested three early warning stations on Palestinian territory and a non-militarized Palestinian state with limited arms. They agreed to recognize Palestinian sovereignty over airspace but sought unified air control. Withdrawal from the West Bank over 36 months and from the Jordan Valley with an international force over another 36 months was proposed.
End of Negotiations: The Taba Summit ended with a joint statement noting substantial progress but no final agreement due to time constraints and upcoming Israeli elections. Both sides expressed a belief that remaining gaps could be bridged with resumed negotiations after the elections.

Post-Summit: Ariel Sharon's government, elected in February 2001, chose not to resume high-level talks. Barak clarified that ideas raised in negotiations were not binding on the new government. In June 2002, Yasser Arafat stated he had accepted the Clinton peace plan, but the new Israeli government emphasized that the offer was no longer under consideration.

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