29 nov 1947 anni - United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine

Descrizione:

The United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine, adopted on November 29, 1947, as UN General Assembly Resolution 181 (II), proposed the division of Mandatory Palestine into separate Arab and Jewish states linked by economic cooperation, with a Special International Regime for Jerusalem. The Arab state would cover 42% of the land, the Jewish state 56%, and the remaining 2%, encompassing Jerusalem and Bethlehem, would be international.

The plan intended to address the competing national aspirations of the Jewish and Palestinian Arab communities, and called for terminating the British Mandate, establishing borders, and ensuring minority and religious rights. Jewish organizations cooperated with the UN Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP) during its preparation, while the Palestinian Arab leadership boycotted it.

Most Jews in Palestine welcomed the plan despite reservations, but Palestinian Arabs and surrounding Arab nations rejected it, citing their demographic majority and land ownership. This refusal contributed to the outbreak of civil war in Palestine, ultimately preventing the plan’s implementation. The plan’s aim to create independent states was hindered by British limitations on Jewish immigration, which led to widespread resistance.

After World War II, increased U.S. pressure to relax immigration limits resulted in an Anglo-American committee that recommended allowing 100,000 Holocaust survivors into Palestine. Britain's continued adherence to its restrictive immigration policies fostered tensions, which culminated in the formation of UNSCOP. The committee's partition recommendations divided Palestine into a Jewish state, an Arab state, and an internationally governed Jerusalem. Though widely supported by Jews, the proposal was not accepted by the Arab world and thus remained unimplemented.

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