5 marzo 1949 anni - Operation Uvda

Descrizione:

Operation Uvda was the final military campaign of the Israel Defense Forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, conducted from March 5 to March 10, 1949. Its goal was to establish Israeli control over the southern Negev desert, a region claimed by the Kingdom of Jordan in the 1949 armistice talks but designated as part of the Jewish State in the 1947 UN Partition Plan. The operation's name, "Uvda," meaning "fact" in Hebrew, reflected its aim to assert de facto Israeli sovereignty over the area.

Prior to the operation, reconnaissance missions mapped the region, avoiding engagement with the Jordanian Arab Legion and focusing on aerial photography for intelligence. The Negev, Golani, and Alexandroni brigades were the main units involved, with additional support from smaller units.

The operation began on March 5, with the Negev Brigade moving from Beersheba towards the Ramon Crater and Golani forces heading from Mamshit to Ein Husub. Over the following days, these forces executed a series of maneuvers, including the establishment of an airfield, capturing key locations like Ein Harouf and Ein Ghamr, and culminating in an amphibious landing at Ein Gedi by the Alexandroni Brigade.

The pivotal moment occurred on March 10, when the Negev Brigade reached Umm Rashrash (modern-day Eilat) and raised the Ink Flag at an abandoned police station, symbolically ending the war. This act marked the successful conclusion of Operation Uvda, ensuring Israeli sovereignty over the southern Negev and presenting the Gulf of Aqaba to the State of Israel.

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