3 lugl 1904 anni - Death of Theodor Herzl

Descrizione:

Theodor Herzl was a pivotal figure in the founding of modern political Zionism, advocating for the establishment of a Jewish state as a response to pervasive anti-Semitism in Europe. Born in 1860 in Budapest, Herzl grew into a career as a journalist and playwright, ultimately shifting towards political activism due to the anti-Semitic attitudes he encountered, particularly in Vienna.

Herzl's political activism crystallized with the publication of "Der Judenstaat" ("The Jewish State") in 1896, where he proposed that the only solution for the Jewish question in Europe was the establishment of a sovereign Jewish state. This book gained immediate attention and laid the groundwork for the Zionist movement.

In 1897, Herzl organized the First Zionist Congress in Basel, Switzerland, forming the Zionist Organization and becoming its first president. He spent the following years lobbying European leaders to support the Zionist cause. One significant proposal was the "Uganda Scheme" presented at the Sixth Zionist Congress in 1903, suggesting a temporary refuge for Jews in British East Africa. This proposal was met with considerable opposition and was ultimately rejected, reflecting the strong preference for Palestine as the location for Jewish settlement.

Herzl died in 1904, not living to see the establishment of Israel. His remains were moved to Israel in 1949, reinterred at Mount Herzl in Jerusalem, named in his honor. Herzl is remembered as the visionary of the Jewish state, a central figure in the Zionist movement, and a catalyst for the eventual establishment of Israel.

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