1 gen 634 anni - Battle of Ajnadayn

Descrizione:

The Battle of Ajnadayn, fought in July or August 634, marked a significant clash between the Byzantine Empire and the emerging Arab Rashidun Caliphate. Here's a summary of the battle and its aftermath:

Background:

The Rashidun army, under the command of Khalid ibn al-Walid, engaged and defeated the Byzantines at Dathin in February 634.
Following this victory, Khalid was ordered to Syria, where he converged with other Muslim armies, including those led by Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah, Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan, Amr ibn al-As, and Shurahbil ibn Hasana.
The Muslim forces united near Ajnadayn, a location somewhere between Ramla and Bayt Jibrin (modern Beit Guvrin) in present-day Israel.
Opposing Forces:

Estimates of the army sizes vary, with some sources suggesting around 10,000 soldiers for each side, while others propose approximately 20,000 troops.
The Byzantines, led by Theodore, possibly included reinforcements from the north and local Arab tribal levies.
The Arab army consisted of three separate contingents, with Khalid or Amr serving as the overall commander.
Battle:

Specific details of the battle are scarce, but it's noted that Rashidun commander Dhiraar ibn al-Azwar played a significant role, slaying many Byzantine champions.
The Byzantines suffered a heavy defeat and retreated to Damascus, while the Arabs also incurred substantial casualties.
Muslim tradition commemorates the martyrs of the battle, which helped strengthen the sense of religious devotion within the Muslim community.
Aftermath:

Following the defeat, Heraclius withdrew to Antioch, leaving the countryside vulnerable to Muslim raids.
Arab raiding parties captured several towns in Palestine, encountering minimal resistance as Byzantine forces fled.
The Arab army regrouped to confront another Byzantine attempt to halt their advance at the Battle of Fahl (near Pella in modern Jordan) six months later.
The Battle of Ajnadayn was a pivotal moment in the early Muslim conquests, opening up Palestine to further Arab incursions and contributing to the eventual Muslim control of the region.

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