1 gen 1954 anni - Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

Descrizione:

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka: Supreme Court ruling of 1954 that overturned the “separate but equal” precedent established in Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896. The Court declared that separate educational facilities were inherently unequal and thus violated the Fourteenth Amendment.


The NAACP’s legal strategy achieved its ultimate validation in a case involving Linda Brown, a young black student in Topeka, Kansas, who had been forced to attend a segregated school far from her family home rather than a nearby white elementary school. In his argument before the court in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954), Marshall contended that such segregation was unconstitutional because it denied Linda Brown the “equal protection of the laws” guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment (Map 26.2). In a unanimous decision on May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court agreed, overturning the “separate but equal” doctrine at last. In the decision, Chief Justice Earl Warren wrote: “We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’ has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.” In an subsequent 1955 decision known as Brown II, the Court declared that desegregation should proceed “with all deliberate speed.”


look at page 847 image for other influential cases
Desegregation court battles were not limited to the South. Note the important California cases regarding Mexican Americans and Japanese Americans. Two seminal decisions, the 1948 housing decision in Shelley v. Kraemer and the 1954 school decision in Brown v. Board of Education, originated in Missouri and Kansas, respectively. This map helps show that racial segregation and discrimination were a national, not simply a southern, problem.

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