9 feb 1917 anni - Congressman Oscar Calloway of Texas exposed the machinations of the money power as it expanded its influence over the fourth estate in order to swing public opinion towards a ‘necessary’ war. On 9 February 1917 he placed the following statement on the Congressional Record:

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64th Congress of the United States, February 9 1917

Mr. GALLAWAY. Mr. Chairman, under unanimous consent, I insert in the Record at this point a statement~ showing the newspaper combination, which explains their activity in this war matter, just discussed by the gentleman from Pennsylvania
[Mr. Moore]:
"In March, 1915, the J. P. Morgan interests, the steel, shipbuilding, and powder interests, and: their subsidiary organizations, got together 12 men high up in the newspaper world and employed them to select the most influential newspapers in the United States and sufficient number of them to control generally"
"These 12 men worked the problem out by selecting 179 newspapers, and then began,. by an elimination process, to retain only those necessary for the purpose of controlling the general policy of the daily press throughout the country. They found it was only necessary to purchase the control of 25 of the greatest papers. The 25 papers were agreed upon; emissaries were sent· to. purchase the policy, national and international, of these papers; an agreement was reached; the policy of the papers was bought, to be paid for by the month; an editor was furnished for each paper to properly supervise and edit information regarding the questions of preparedness, militarism, financial policies, and other things of national and international nature considered' vital to the interests of the. purchasers..."

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