24 ottob 1945 anni - United Nations

Descrizione:

- The term United Nations was first used on 1 January 1942 when 26 nations pledged to continue fighting the Axis powers of Germany, Italy and Japan.

- As the Second World War drew to a close, a UN charter was drawn up by 50 countries, including Canada, in San Francisco.

- The UN was designed to promote co-operation among sovereign states in which each would divulge some of its wealth in the common interest of all nations to promote peace, security, economic development, social justice and fundamental human rights and freedoms.

- The United Nations has remained adaptable to changing circumstances. The original 50 members have steadily welcomed new countries.

- The Security Council is the UN's most powerful body. It primary purpose is to maintain world peace and security.

- The United Nations first tried to impose its will militarily in 1950, when it supported South Korea against North Korea in the Korean War. The Security Council was then dominated by Western countries, and boycotted by the Soviet Union

- The war ended in a stalemate in 1953. Since that time the Security Council has concentrated instead on trying to achieve peaceful settlements to other world conflicts, including the provision of peacekeeping forces, in which Canadians have played a major role

- Today the UN is essentially a network of institutions for multilateral diplomacy rather than a world government, and as such its achievements depend upon the collective strength and agreement of its members

- Canada believes that working with other nations offers the best hope for dealing with global problems such as pollution, racial discrimination, hunger, and others that trouble and affect Canadians

- Critics argue the UN is ineffective, inefficient and unable to solve problems such as world hunger, or to prevent atrocities during conflicts

- Defenders of the organization argue that however frustrating the UN system may at times be, its essential purpose is being served as long as it provides itself as a forum for discussing issues of conflict and human security, and as long as it helps prevent the centuries-old effort to create a world order through violent conquest

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