1 dic 1901 anni - Garden City Concept by Ebenezer Howard

Descrizione:

Residential towns are arranged in a ring around the core city and linked to it in a star shape by roads, railroads and subways, as well as connected to each other in a ring.
Howard was a cooperative socialist. His goal was to steer the rapid growth that British cities had experienced in the course of industrialization into orderly channels. Instead of uncontrolled growth, Howard proposed the complete reestablishment of towns in the surrounding countryside.
His proposals were not only of an urban planning nature, but were also strongly influenced by social reform ideas: the land of the garden cities was to be in common ownership to avoid speculation, capital gains were to flow into community facilities, and rents were to be kept low. Spatially, he envisioned a system of several garden cities with a central city of about 58,000 inhabitants and a ring of smaller garden cities, each with about 32,000 inhabitants. The growth of the cities was to be prevented by green areas. According to his model, the layout of the garden cities themselves is characterized by ring-like residential areas around a "Central Park" as the center (radial-concentric type). Here are located cultural facilities and the "Crystal Palace" a covered shopping arcade that may have had a model in the Great Victorian Way planned by Joseph Paxton in 1855.[1] Radial boulevards provide the link between the center and the residential areas with the surrounding landscape, a ring-shaped, green "Grand Avenue" interrupts the residential rings. Outside is a commercial belt and the railroad line that connects the Garden Cities. Howard thought of the Garden City as the third pole and balance of the contrast (antagonism)' of town and country, as is also evident in his designation "Town-Country."

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