8 nov 1887 anni - Gramophone

Descrizione:

On November 8th, 1887, Emile Berliner, a German immigrant working in Washington D.C, patented a successful system of sound recording. Berliner was the first inventor to stop recording on cylinders and star recording on flat discs; or records. The first records were made of glass, later zinc and eventually plastic. A spiral groove with sound information was etched into the flat record. To play sounds and music, the record was rotated on the gramophone. The ‘arm’ of the gramophone held a needle that read the grooves in the record by vibration and transmitted the information to the gramophone speaker. Berliner’s records were the first sound recordings that could be mass-produced by creating master recordings from, which molds were made. From each mold, hundreds of disks were pressed. Berliner later founded the gramophone company to mass manufacture his records as well as the gramophone that played them. To promote his system, Berliner did two things- he persuaded popular artists to record their music using his system. Two artists who signed early on with Berliner’s company were Enrico Caruso and Dame Nellie Melba. The second smart marketing move made came in 1908 when Berliner used Francis Barraud’s painting of ‘His Master’s Voice’ as his company’s official trademark. He later sold the rights to his patent for the gramophone instead of making records to the ‘Victor Talking Machine Company’ who made the Gramophone a successful product in the United States. Meanwhile, Berliner continued doing business In other countries, founding the Berliner Gram-O-Phone Company in Montreal, the Deutsche Grammophon in Germany, and the U.K based Gramophone Co., Ltd.

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