23 marzo 1949 anni - Mao declares government

Descrizione:

Mao takes control of China and declares the PRC as government of China. Mao wanted to modernise China. Mao establishes ideas such as class struggle and the need for continuing revolution to prevent counter revolutionary ideas.

REASONS FOR MAO'S SUCCESS:

Military Reasons:
- Leadership. Mao was a skilled leader who gave the overall plan for war and delegated to effective generals such as Lin Biao to plan battles. Chiang was a poor military leader.
- Tactics. PLA used wide range of tactics. Guerrilla warfare in mountains, and conventional warfare once the GMD had been weakened. The GMD made tactical errors, such as sending troops into Manchuria without securing the rest of North Eastern China.
- Troops. Disciplined army that was motivated by its belief in communism. Treated peasant armies with respect. NRA was a conscript army that was poorly supplied, leading to desertions which reduced the strength of army.


Political Reasons:
- Mao's leadership created a secure chain of command. The GMD was corrupt and unskilled.
- Mao involved local populations in discussion of reforms, creating a 'democratic dictatorship.' Chiang favoured the wealthier classes, creating discontent among the majority.

Economic and Social Reasons:
- Success of CCP relied on support of peasants. CCP introduced land reforms that took away land from the richer landlords and gave it to the peasants.
- Middle classes won over to CCP, as it demonstrated loyalty to China in its passionate defence against Japan. Chiang had printed money, devaluing the currency and leading to high inflation, which destroyed the savings of the middle class.

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