22 avr. 1974 - National Research Act

Description:

In response to the public outcry over the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiments, the national government enacted the National Research Act. The Act created the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. The commission's role was to establish guidelines for ethics in research involving human subjects that was carried out by the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. This law also introduced the idea of using Institutional Review Boards in research (Fischer, 2005). After the Nazi atrocities, thalidomide, Tuskegee, and the Declaration of Helsinki, the protection of human subjects in research was finally codified (ors.umkc.edu). 45 CFR 46 Part A, also known as the Common Rule; Part B that provides extra protection for pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates; Part C provides protection for prisoners become U.S. regulations and IRB procedures are established (Sparks, 2002).