North Yemen Civil War (26 sept 1962 año – 1 dic 1970 año)

Descripción:

Event: North Yemen Civil War
Geography: Yemen
Warring Factions: Kingdom of Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Israel, Jordan (Supported Britain) vs. Yemen Arab Republic, Egypt
Duration: 8 years (September 26, 1962 - December 1, 1970)
Weapons Supplier:
USSR provided warplanes to the republicans
Mercenaries from France, Belgium and England
It is undeniable that the British also helped: *Douglas-Home said that "at no time in the last eighteen months have British arms been supplied to the Imam's Government". Hart-Davis notes that this "may have been strictly true; but ... a great many weapons of non-British provenance had been spirited into the Yemen through Jim Johnson's machinations"
Between 1962 and 1965, Britain covertly backed Yemeni royalists through the British Mercenary Organization, which trained fighters and organized clandestine arms drops with Saudi and Israeli assistance. Despite official denials of involvement, evidence shows that mercenary operations were coordinated with Mossad and enabled the royalists to sustain their fight against the Egyptian-backed republicans until Britain’s withdrawal from Aden in 1965.
Israeli aircraft and bases were secretly used in Operation Porcupine, delivering weapons with disguised origins to avoid detection.

Description:

The North Yemen Civil War was a conflict between the royalists who were loyal to the Mutawakkilite Kingdom and the republicans who supported a new Yemen Arab Republic. After a coup overthrew the Imam, the monarchy and slavery were abolished. Proxy conflicts included those in Egypt by the republicans (supported by the USSR) while Israel, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia supported the royalists militarily. The end of the War was marked by a stalemate with the 1967 Siege of Sana.

Al-Sallāl’s pro-Egyptian regime was ousted in a bloodless coup in 1968 and replaced by a nominally civilian one headed by Pres. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Iryānī. Two years later, with the blessing of the two major foreign participants, Egypt and Saudi Arabia, the leaders of North Yemen agreed upon the Compromise of 1970, which established a republican government in which some major positions were assigned to members of the royalist faction. Egypt was involved in yemen to an extent that was disastrous dubbing this incident as the Egypts ‘Vietnam war’. The coup in 1962 established the Yemen Arab Republic and exacerbated a prolonged civil war with Egyptian involvement and ending in an eventual Republican Consolidation.

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