7th Cholera Pandemic (1 ene 1961 año – 1 ene 2025 año)

Descripción:

Pathogen: Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor (later O139 in some regions) | Transmission: waterborne (fecal–oral) | Estimated deaths: millions cumulatively (ongoing)

It began in 1961 in Indonesia, caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor (later also O139 in some regions).

It spread across Asia in the 1960s, reached Africa in 1971, and South America in 1991.

Unlike earlier cholera pandemics, this one never fully ended — outbreaks continue to occur regularly, especially in areas with poor water and sanitation infrastructure.

The WHO reports major cholera activity in recent years (e.g., Yemen, Haiti, Malawi, Syria) with millions at risk.

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