Middle Velzen (1 ene 1460 año – 1 ene 1630 año)

Descripción:

Sound Changes between Old Velzen and Middle Velzen:
Raising of mid vowels in unstressed syllables:
/e/ > /ɪ/ and /o/ > /ʊ/ in unstressed positions, especially in open syllables
Exe. Soldier = (OV) /ˈrekʲaɾ/ > (MV) /ˈɾɪkʲaɾ/

Monopthongization of palatal-initiated diphthongs
/ja/ > /ɛ/ or /e/ in unstressed syllables; /jo/ > /ø/

Loss of unstressed final high vowels:
Final /u, i/ drop unless morphologically functional

Consonant shifts
Voicing assimilation in clusters
/ʦ/ > /ʣ/, /sp/ > /zb/ between vowels or voiced consonants

Palatal stops and clusters simplify
/kj/ > /ʧ/, /gj/ > /ʤ/ in more conservative forms, /ʃ/, /ʒ/ in colloquial speech

Intervocalic fricative weakening:
/v/ > /β/ or disappears in rapid speech, especially between back vowels

Prosody and Stress:
Stress shift to earlier syllables in longer words, leading to secondary vowel reduction in later syllables
Shortening of long vowels in stressed syllables when followed by clusters

Morphological Effects
Borrowing: Oipientian influence mainly visible in political/administrative lexicon
Derivation: retains Ioponic-derived compounding strategies for place names and institutions (a lot of city names and place names still retain the nominative gender endings, albeit evolved through sound change)

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