Dumbarton Oaks Conference (21 agos 1944 año – 7 oct 1944 año)

Descripción:

The Dumbarton Oaks Conference, or, more formally, the Washington Conversations on International Peace and Security Organization, was an international conference at which proposals for the establishment of a "general international organization", which was to become the United Nations, were formulated and negotiated. The conference was led by the Four Policemen – the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, and China. It was held at the Dumbarton Oaks estate in Washington, D.C., from August 21st, 1944, to October 7th, 1944.

The Dumbarton Oaks Conference constituted the first important step taken to carry out paragraph 4 of the Moscow Declaration of 1943, which recognized the need for a postwar international organization to succeed the League of Nations.

The conversations were held in two phases, since the Soviets were unwilling to meet directly with the Chinese. In the first phase, representatives of the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States convened between August 21st and September 28th. In the second, representatives of Republic of China, the United Kingdom, and the United States held discussions between September 29th and October 7th.

The stated purposes of the proposed international organization were:
1) To maintain international peace and security; and to that end to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace and the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means adjustment or settlement of international disputes which may lead to a breach of the peace;
2) To develop friendly relations among nations and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace;
3) To achieve international co-operation in the solution of international economic, social and other humanitarian problems; and
4) To afford a center for harmonizing the actions of nations in the achievement of these common ends.

On October 7th, 1944, the delegates agreed on a tentative set of proposals (Proposals for the Establishment of a General International Organization) to meet these goals. The discussions at the conference regarding the make-up of the United Nations included which states would be invited to become members, the formation of the United Nations Security Council, and the right of veto that would be given to permanent members of the Security Council.

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