1864 - 1865: American Indian Wars Escalate. (1 ene 1864 año – 1 ene 1865 año)

Descripción:

During 1864-1865, the American Indian Wars escalated with the complex conflicts between settlers and tribes surrounding the availability of land and resources. The Yavapai and Tonto Apache tribes saw an increasing number of settlers on their designated hunting grounds. The number of settlers, which quickly surpassed the number of Yavapai and Tonto Apache people, called on the government to take action on the people occupying land that the settlers believed they were entitled to.

The editor of the local newspaper, Arizona Miner, called for extreme measures, stating, “Extermination is our only hope, and the sooner it is accomplished, the better.” This led to the Bloody Tanks massacre, where prospectors shot at the native people for sport. Civilian rangers lured them into the Superstition Mountains and opened fire on them, resulting in the loss of 30 lives.

"When one looks into that cave at Salt River Canyon, or Skull Valley, Bloody Basin, Date Creek, one finds no gun, no machine gun, no rifle that belongs to the Yavapai. Yavapai had nothing to start war with the White people. But the White people talk about the "Indian War." They come and kill all of us and call it "Indian War."" -Yavapai Elder (Oral History of the Yavapai).

As a result, the tribes created tribal alliances with each other. The Maricopa and O’odham tribes joined the Mexican and American settlers fighting against the Yavapai and Tonto Apache tribes.

Image 1: American Indian War display case in the Arizona Military Museum.

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