Cuban Missile Crisis (16 oct 1962 año – 29 oct 1962 año)

Descripción:

The year before, the Bay of Pigs Invasion failed. While this was an embarrassment for the US, it did not stop their efforts to 'free Cuba from Communist USSR influence'. In addition to the invasion, they had put Jupiter MRBMs in Italy and Turkey and started a campaign to sabotage Cuba which continued for months with seemingly no end. To stop the US, the Soviet Union decided to put missiles on the island of Cuba to end any thoughts of a future invasion. President JFK decided to order a naval "quarantine" to prevent further missiles from reaching Cuba to try and avoid a war. Eventually, after tense negotiating, the Soviets agreed to return their weapons back to the USSR publicly if the US publicly announced they would not invade Cuba again.

However, the US also secretly agreed to return the Jupiter MRBMs in Turkey back to their country as well. While the negotiations ended in October, the actual naval quarantine did not until late November. The two nations also agreed to establish a hotline to ensure the accessibility of a quick, clear, and direct communication line. This resulted in a temporary reduction in tension between the countries. Seemingly inevitably, however, these tensions returned several years later with a steady increase in their nuclear arsenals.

Publicly, this situation was seen internationally as an embarrassment towards the Soviet Union. This is because they were responsible for starting the situation and were also the ones who retreated from it. This partly resulted in Khrushchev's fall from power two years later. In the words of Anatoly Dobrynin, a Soviet statesman, diplomat, and politician, the Soviet leadership took "a blow to its prestige bordering on humiliation."

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