The Self Strengthening Movement (1 ene 1860 año – 1 ene 1894 año)

Descripción:

From second Opium War to the eve of the Sino-Japanese war

- proved to be a failure after defeat by the Japanese in the first Sino Japanese War

- involved training army, build gunboats, improve tax system

- the civil service exam was not up to date with the careers necessary to implement many of the goals

- China did not have an export niche to fund this reform
- Failure led to the the Scramble for China