Renaissance (1 ene 1300 año – 1 ene 1500 año)
Descripción:
The Renaissance or 'Rebirth' describes a period of time where rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman philosophies coupled with the invention of the printing press allowed new ideas and old forgotten ones to spread across Europe.
The ideas and practices that define the Renaissance originally got their start in, and spread through, Italian city-states such as Florence, Genoa and Venice. The economic freedom of these sovereign cities and their territories in the years leading up to the Renaissance played a key role in the indulgence and spread of Renaissance practices and ideas in the years to come. Due to their level of economic and political sovereignty in the decades prior to the 'Rebirth', city-states such as Florence, Genoa and Venice were thriving economically and many wealthy families had large amounts of disposable income. It was because of this that, once the ideas of the Renaissance started to spread, many individuals and families had the money to build and fund multiple schools as well as commission artists like Michelangelo to produce such famous works as David. Without the economic freedom that fostered wealth in these cities would we, today, know the names of such masterful artists as Donatello, Brunelleschi, Raphael, or Da Vinci?
The Renaissance was a great time for the growth of art, architecture and science, but also important for the growth of Individualism. The invention of the printing press sparked an increase in literacy across Europe and allowed people to read the works of ancient Greek and Roman philosophers whose ideas would build the foundation of Humanism. Humanism is very important when discussing Individualism during the Renaissance because Humanism promoted the idea that man was the center of his own universe, an idea that was somewhat contrary to the ideas of the Roman Catholic Church which taught that God was not just the creator but should also be the center of man's universe. Humanism also promoted the idea that people should embrace and celebrate human achievements, this led to what some would describe as a revolution in art, architecture, and science. Because of this spread of appreciation for human achievements more and more people, especially in city states like Florence, started to value education as a tool to achieve great feats. The growth of literacy and access to education allowed more and more people to seek wealth in areas that interested them, a great example of how the changes that took place during this period fostered a new ability to act out of self-interest.
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