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Bishop was changed to be able to move multiple squares diagonally and no longer can promote, the Queen can now move like it does modernly. This was arguably the most important change to chess, this made checkmate more frequent, made the game more dynamic, which changed Chess to be less like trench warfare, and more like what we know it is today.Modern Castling was first put together, with all the rules of present day Castling. Before this, there was multiple ways of castling including one weird one being Free castling, this standardized the game.En Passant was adopted officially into chess, first mention of En Passant was in the 16th century though. En Passant was extremely important and it prevented many boring positions as it allowed you to prevent a pawn from pushing two squares up by taking it, opening the position.The life of Paul Morphy. Arguably one of the best and most important chess players in history, with games studied for hours, within his couple of years of playing professional chess (roughly 2 years), he was already considered the best chess player, he then left chess after having no one to challenge him.The life of José Raúl Capablanca. A cuban chess world champion, being the third world champion. Considered a genius with probably the most studied and looked at games. With a 8 year streak with no losts, he was eventually beaten by the next world champion, though it's still widely debated which is better as they never got a rematch as soon after returning to professinal chess after a break, he died from a Brain Hemorrhage.The life of Mikhail Botvinnik. The 6th world champion, a russian-soviet grandmaster that is probably the biggest contributer to every widely known world champion. He was the teacher to Anatoly Karpov, Garry Kasparov, and Vladimir Kramnik, all 3 that would become world champions. He was also a computer scientist and electric engineer, being one of the poineers of computers in chess.The life of Wilhelm (William) Stenitz. The first World Chess Champion (Though Morphy is technically the unoffical one), a austrian then American chess player, he was unbeaten for 32 years straight, considered the father of modern chess, inventing a more commonly used chess style that instead of the more popular style of a all out attack, it would be positional.The life of Robert James Fischer, also known as Bobby Fischer. The eleventh world champion, considered one of the best chess players ever, Bobby Fischer was in all terms a brilliant genius being probably one of if not the most well known Chess Player in history. He won 8 U.S Chess championships at just 14, was the only person in history to win with a perfect score of 11 wins, 0 draws, and 0 loses. At the height of the cold war, he had the world chess championship match against Borris Spasky, the most viewedThe life of Magnus Carlsen. The 16th world champion of chess and is considered to be the best Chess player, with a peak rating of 2881 which is 30 points higher than Garry Kasparov, Magnus Carlsen broke a load of records, one of which being the youngest person to become #1 being at just 19 years old. He also has the longest unbeaten chess streak in elite chess history of 125 games. He lost the title to Ding Liren after stating he wouldn't defend his title due to lack of motivation. He is currently still aliThe life of Garry Kasparov. The 13th World Champion, with the highest rating of 2851 until Magnus broke on 2013 which was 14 years after he acheived said rating. He became the youngest undisputed world champion at 22 years old by defeating Anatoly Karpov and was ranked number 1 for a record of 255 months. In 1997, Garry Kasparov had a infamous game against the IBM computer Deep Blue and lost. He kept his title until 2000 when Vladimar Kramnik beaten him. He currently is still alive.The life of Alireza Firouzja. An iranian and now French player, being the youngest person in history to reach above 2800, with him reaching it 5 months faster than Magnus. Which he doesn't currently have much, this person will likely become a future world chess champion or at least a chess champion as Magnus Carlsen even said that unless he's going to be playing Alireza, he wouldn't participate in the World Championship back in 2021. He is currently still alive and is participating in the 2024 Candidates ToThe life of Hikaru Nakamura. One of the best rapid and blitz chess players, by many considered the best blitz player, Hikaru Nakamura is the number 3 chess player, popular chess streamer and youtuber as well as one of the candidates for the 2024 Candidates Tournament happening this month. With a peak rating of 2816, he is also one of the top 10 rated people in history. He currently is still alive.The life of Emanuel Lasker. The second world chess champion and held that title for 27 years, he was also a mathmetician that contributed to Algebra and card games. At the time of his life, he was considered very pyschological and was even bashed by other players and many said he played intentionally bad moves to mess with the opponent, however with modern day analysis it was been proven this is wrong and instead he was ahead of his time. He eventually lost his title to Capablanca.The life of Max Euwe. The fifth world chess champion for 2 years and the president of FIDE between 1970 to 1978, he was both a mathmetician as well as an Author, with his most well known book being The Middle Game. He was also the first Dutch grandmaster, he popularized Chess in the Netherlands alone.The life of Aron Nimzowitsch. A Latvian and Dutch Chess player and writer, considered the father of hypermodern chess, his books was one of future world champion Tigran Petrosian's inspiration, and he created many openings that are still used today such as the Nimzo-indian, he practically changed every opening with his book My System, which changed the openings up from just focusing on pawns in the center to pieces in the center.
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