1 ene 1919 año - Wilson promotes Fourteen Points at Paris PEace Conference

Descripción:

fourteen points: Principles for a new world order proposed in 1919 by President Woodrow Wilson as a basis for peace negotiations at Versailles. Among them were open diplomacy, freedom of the seas, free trade, territorial integrity, arms reduction, national self-determination, and creation of the League of Nations.
league of nations: an international organization of nations to prevent future hostilities, proposed by President Woodrow Wilson in the aftermath of World War I. Although the League of Nations did form, the United States never became a member state.

The idealistic Wilson argued that no victor should be declared after World War I: only “peace among equals” could last. Having won at an incredible price, the governments of Britain and France had zero interest in such a plan. But the devastation wrought by the war created popular pressure for a just and enduring outcome. At the peace conference held in 1919 at Versailles, near Paris, Wilson scored a diplomatic victory when the Allies chose to base the talks on his Fourteen Points, a blueprint for peace that he had presented a year earlier in a speech to Congress.

Wilson’s Points embodied an important strand in progressivism. They called for open diplomacy; “absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas”; arms reduction; removal of trade barriers; and national self-determination for peoples in the Austro-Hungarian, Russian, and German empires. Essential to Wilson’s vision — the fourteenth of his Fourteen Points — was the creation of a “general association of nations” — eventually called the League of Nations — that would forge “mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity by international covenant.” The League would mediate disputes, supervise arms reduction, and — according to its crucial Article X — curb aggressor nations through collective military action. Wilson hoped the League would “end all wars.” But his ideals had marked limits and in negotiations he confronted harsh realities.

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