1 ene 1867 año - Joseph Lister

Descripción:

Published a description of carbolic antiseptic in surgery. Professor of Surgery at Glasgow University.
Influenced by Semmelweis and read Pasteur's work in 1865.
Published his own work in March 1867.
Invented machine to pump carbolic acid into the air to kill the germs.
Wounds were cleaned thoroughly. Bandages soaked in carbolic acid. Carbolic acid sprayed on surgeons hands.
Did not stop germs from entering, but killed them once they were there.
Methods worked as shown by increase in survival rates.
Before Lister: 47% mortality,
With antiseptic surgery: mortality decreased by 15%.
At the time there was opposition to carbolic acid as it was used to treat sewage, it caused burns and made the operation more expensive.
Most people at the time believed in spontaneous generation so argued there was no need for carbolic acid.
In addition, it was argued that it slowed the operation down, it did not.
His method was originally for compound fractures so reduced amputations.
Koch's 1878 discovery of the bacteria that caused septicaemia backed Lister's ideas.
in 1892 Lister received an award for his contributions.
Arguments against his significance: je wore no gloves, scrubs or hairnets, surgery still took place in the home, he thought infections only entered through wounds. Carbolic acid was Thomas Anderson's idea, he was influenced by and developed on others ideas. He was disliked and heavily opposed at the time so was not immediately significant. His method was still not entirely effective - deaths still occurred. He did not fully understand microbes.

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