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CRMO History
A compilation of the history of Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve
Создана
Wendy Short
⟶ Обновлено 5 окт 2018 ⟶
List of edits
Комментарии
События
President Calvin Coolidge establishes Craters of the Moon as a National Monument
Great Rift Designated National Natural Landmark
First Hunter/Gatherers- Shoshone Bannock Inhabited Area
Capitan Benjamin L. E. Bonneville first recorded white man to visit region
Visitors Began Utilizing Goodale's Cutoff
Tim Goodale guides a party through the cutoff later named for him
Julius Caesar Merrill travelled along Goodale's Cutoff
Establishment of local boom towns, Era and Martin
Arthur Ferris and J.W. Powell Explored Region Searching for Water
Inscribed Cow Shoulder Bone Left in Buffalo Cave
Israel C Russell led first government exploration of area
Samuel Paisley First Traveled Area
Robert Limbert Published his Travelogue "Among the Craters of the Moon" in National Geographic Magazine
Robert Limbert Embarked on Third Expedition Through Region in Partnership with Walter L. Cole and Dog, Teddy
Limbert Wrote in Idaho Sunday Statesman in Favor of National Parkhood for the Region
Limbert Led Expedition of Ten Men Through Monument
Monument Dedication Ceremony
Monument Expanded to Include Certain Water Resources on North End
Monument Expanded to Include 37 Additional Acres and a Spring
H.R. 15877 (Land Exchange Act) passed
Completion of Water System
Addition of the Martin Mine
Passage of Wilderness Act
Kilpatrick Lands Added under H.R. 15877
Arthur Lands Added Via Sale
463 Acres Removed from Northern Boundary
94 Acre strip through monument ceded to state for highway
State school lands within the monument purchased for $2880
Proclamation 3506 signed by JFK, adding Carey Kipuka and surrounding lands to monument
H. R. 19007 signed by President Nixon, designating 43,243 acres of monument land as wilderness
Establishment of the National Park Service
Executive Order 6166 signed by FDR consolidating care of parks and monuments under the Park Service
Cinderhurst Camp erected by Paisley
Amenities included pit toilets, 5 mile loop drive, display case
Crater Inn concession approved
Five year permit issued to Crater's Inn proprieters Jo G. Martin and John R. Wright
Registration Waterhole dried up as a result of earthquake
Burton C. Lacombe becomes monument's third custodian
First seasonal park ranger, G. Frederick Shepherd entered duty
Two seasonal rangers on payroll
Seasonal custodian residence built
Change from "custodian" to "superintendent" position title
Aubrey F. Houston became first full-time superintendent
Atomic Energy Commission research facility chosen
Robert C. Zink becomes first perminant ranger
Eight seasonal help on payroll
Visitor Center Dedication Ceremony
Monument's resource management plan first in western region
First mule deer study in the monument
Robert J. "Cy" Hentges becomes superintendent
Chief ranger and interpreter positions added
Robert E Scott becomes superintendent
Monument averaging 11 permanent employees
"Wildlife Management in the National Parks" published
Redwood Act
Baseline Resources Inventory (BRI) initiated
"Review of Scientific Literature at Craters of the Moon National Monument" published
Resource management division created
First permanent resource management specialist position created
Outdoor display of lava samples created by custodian Paisley
Sheriff's "Posse Dash" event at opening day ceremonies cancelled
"Idaho: a Guide in Word and Picture" published purporting buried treasure in the monument
Permission sought by local individuals to dig for treasure near the "Old Man of the Craters" on Paisley Cone
Treasure hunting permit denied by Western Region Director Lawrence C. Merriam
Night patrols initiated to prevent off-road driving by local youth
Four California youths penalized for driving on cinder cones with their "hot rods"
Superintendent Houston discovered incidence of cinder hauling
Vandals attempted to steal a tree mold from the trench mortar flats
Gate installed at mouth of Arco Tunnel
Lava snake in North Crater Flow declared completely destroyed
Ordinance passed prohibiting rock collection
North Crater Flow spur trail created
Devil's Orchard Trail completed
Devil's Orchard Trail re-tasked to highlight resource management issues
First formal trail established at Spatter Cones
Grate installed over Crystal Fissure
Boy Scout troop enlisted to help eliminate social paths from spatter cones
Spatter Cone rehabilitation begins
Trail to large Spatter Cone resurfaced
Inferno Cone trail re-spaded to discourage off-road vehicles
Tractor tilling of Inferno Cone ended
Monument partnered with Gem State Grotto spelunking group to install gate and clean graffiti from Arco Tunnel
Stairway removed from Great Owl Cavern in response to wilderness designation
Passage of the Federal Caves Resources Act Protection Act
NPS permits ranchers to drive stock through monument on way between summer and winter grazing areas
Code of Federal Regulations Revised, making "special permit" with Barkers illegal
Special permit issued to Barkers, allowing grazing in north end
No tolerance policy enacted towards tresspass grazing
Mistletoe Control Project Proposed
Tree removal begins as part of mistletoe project
Daniel Davis becomes Superintendent
Hazard tree program initiated
highway re-routed through area
Little Cottonwood Canyon Fire
Informal cooperative fire fighting agreement signed with the BLM
Ban of wood fires established
Charcoal grills replaced fire pits in the campgrounds
Hunting closure signs first posted in northern unit
"Memorandum of Understanding Between the Idaho Department of Fish and Game and the National Park Service" passed in effort to better manage monument deer herds
Mule Deer memorandum reaffirmed
Monument management expressed interest in reintroducing big horn sheep and beaver to the monument
Reintroduction program denied
Bighorn sheep seen in Devil's Orchard
Wire fence constructed to protect North End water resources
North End spring #4 abandoned due to contamination
Water system rehabilitated, spring #4 reincluded
Superintendent Hentges published report on pollution hazards of monument springs
Well drilled to combat increased demand; never utilized
Well drilled to increase volume
National Air Sampling Network Station established
Clean Air Act
NPS Organic Act
Monument begins collecting Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) metrics
Manually operated telephotometer installed on Sunset Ridge
INEL begins construction of coal-fired steam power plant threatening the monument's airshed status
INEL plant completed
INEL received permit for operation of Idaho Chemical Processing Plant
Limber pine, choke cherry, and aspen showing signs of flouride and ozone damage
Memorandum published calling for stricter emission controls for Thousand Springs power plant
CRMO and DOE agree to jointly fund and operate gaseous pollution monitoring station
Seasonal air quality technician position created
Martin mine infrastructure determined to not have any historical significance-removed
Monument staff removed abandoned telephone line
Supervisor Contor attended town hall meeting to determine fate of REA power line
Alternate REA power line through northernmost end of the monument agreed upon by all parties
Historic Sites Act
Goodale's Cutoff nominated for the National Register of Historic Places
Historical overview written by Michael Ostrogorsky
Project begun to obtain and catalogue Robert Limbert collection
Portion of Robert Limbert collection donated to CRMO
Robert Limbert collection reunited at Boise State University
Visitor Center renamed in Limbert's honor
Completion of five-year museum collections project
Completion of archival project
Arco Civic Club seeks permission to build winter sports facility on Sunset Cone
Snowmobiling forbidden on loop road due to cinder damage
Promotion for cross-country skiing in monument begins
Snowmobile and grooming equipment donated to the monument
Spur trail between Tree Molds and wilderness trail constructed
Blizzard Mountain Ski Area opens
"A Guide to Craters of the Moon" published by Harold Stearns
Publication of "Proposed Museum and Educational Program at Craters of the Moon National Monument"
Campfire talks ended
Road and trail system improved as part of Mission 66
Visitor Center completed
Half naturalist half interpretive full time position created
Campfire program reinstated
First interpretive prospectus drafted
Temporary campfire circle structure erected
Auto Tours ended
Resource Management and Interpretive devisions merged into one division
Interpretive and Resource Management re-assigned to separate divisions
David Clark hired as chief interpreter
Interpretive prospectus prepared by David Clark
Audio devices at Spatter Cones and Visitor Center removed
Devil's Orchard audio station replaced
Spatter cones audio station moved closer to parking lot
Devil's Orchard audio station last to be removed
CRMO Natural History Association formed
First natural history handbook "Life in a Volcanic Landscape"
New handbook created in partnership with Harpers Ferry Center
Park newspaper started
Volunteers in the Parks Act
Two internships offered
Statement for Interpretation published
Robert Limbert operated guide service in monument
First ranger-led hike: one weekly hike to caves area on Sunday morning
Cave walks increased to once a day on Saturdays and Sundays
Cave walks discontinued due to lack of visitor interest
Ranger led walks reintroduced on an experimental basis
Ranger led walks become a regular part of monument interpretation
Three daily cave walks scheduled
Two hour hike to Buffalo Cave offered
Auto Caravan program initiated
Campfire lectures began
First park naturalist hired
Evening presentations scheduled two nights a week
Amphitheater rehabilitation project
New amphitheater complete
Refurbishment of amphitheater complete
Teacher's guide published in conjunction with "teaching the teachers" initiative
Sam Paisley provided CRMO exhibit for local fairs
EBR1 Registered as a national historical landmark
NPS assisted with interpreting at the EBR1 site
CRMO terminates interpretive program with EBR1
Opening Day Ceremony officially discontinued
"A Day in the Air" event
Star gazing workshop kick-starts small-scale programs following evening programs
Automatic projector (with film tree) installed in visitor's center
Exhibit development project funded completion of new monument video
Self-guided nature trail designed on North Crater Trail
Caves area trail considered first fully self guiding
Audio stations installed at Devil's Orchard, Spatter Cones, and Visitor Center
North Crater Flow trail completed
Wayside exhibit plan expands use of pull-outs along the loop road
Enameled metal signs phased out in favor of routed wooden signs
Fiberglass modular wayside signs began to phase out metal and wooden signs
Double monument entrances and loop road constructed
Double entrance abandoned
Loop drive lined with rock bariers to discourage off-road driving
Widening and improving loop road commences under the Public Works Administration
Owl Cavern Trail built
First recorded existence of Broken Top Spur road
Custodian Guy McCarty reported improvements on Broken Top/Trench Mortar Flat road
Plans discontinued for Great Rift Road Extension
Monument straightened, widened, and filled spur road to Broken Top
Coyote Butte Fire
Loop road graded, paved, revised; parking lots added at points of interest
Emergency construction initiated to correct issues from 1958 construction
Funds allocated to reseal and install drainage devices on loop road
Asphalt sealant mixture added to loop road: failed
Rocks cleared from Big Craters and Spatter Cones trails
Trail constructed to Dewdrop Cave and Indian Tunnel
Trail constructed from Snow Cone to Great Owl Cavern Via Crystal Pit and Big Sink Waterhole
Civil Works Administration developed caves trails
CRMO sported nine trails
First hard-surfacing of the caves trails, devil's sewer, spatter cones
Wilderness study commenced
First Visitor Center, Cinderhurst Camp constructed by Samuel Paisley
Visitor Center relocated near present day campground entrance
Establishment of campground
Log equipment shed completed
Log Comfort Station completed
Temporary frame cabin constructed to house rangers
"Three prospective Rangers declined appointment to the vacancy here because the only house available has no water and sewer system"
Last of monument buildings sold/removed in preparation for Mission 66 building phase
Last Crater Inn building left the monument
Ground broken for Mission 66 building projects
Maintenance building completed
Five employee housing buildings completed
Upgrade of campground complete
Improvements to Mission 66 buildings enacted
Log comfort station rehabilitated
All housing brought up to standard
Establishment of north end campsite
Monument filed for water rights for Little Cottonwood Creek
Pipeline survey completed
100,000 Gallon water reservoir and chlorinator house installed on Sunset Cone
Contract negotiated to supply monument with electricity
Monument receives electrical power for the first time
Construction begins on Craters Inn
Five structures of Craters Inn completed
Four cabins added to Craters Inn holdings
Craters Inn rewired for electricity
Proposal denied for the construction of new concessionaires facility
Natural History Association formed
Stock drive path designated in north end
Second mule deer study completed
Triple twist tree cored
Monument expansion under President Clinton
Redesignation of expanded area as preserve
Периоды
Horace M Albright, superintendent of Yellowstone conducted first NPS inspection of monument
Samuel Paisley custodian
First mule deer study
Idaho State performs archeological reconnaissance of CRMO
G. Frederick Shepard traverses Great Rift
Evening children's program, predecessor to the Junior Ranger Program experimented
Robert B Moore custodian
Burton C Lacombe custodian
Albert T Bicknell custodian
Guy E. McCarty custodian/superintendent
Aubrey F. Houston superintendent
Everett W. Bright superintendent
Floyd A. Henderson superintendent
Merle E. Stitt superintendent
Daniel E. Davis superintendent
Roger J. Contor superintendent
Paul Fritz superintendent
Robert J Hentges superintendent
Robert E. Scott superintendent
Jonathan B Jarvis superintendent
James A Morris superintendent
Doug Neighbor superintendent
Dan Buckley superintendent
Wade Vagias superintendent