The Enlightenment (2 h 2 m, 30 set 1650 ano – 11 h 26 m, 17 jul 1800 ano)

Descrição:

- 1650 – 1800
- Called The Age of Reason
- 1620 international
- In French 1715
- Were based a little bit on the French revolution
- Time of physics and math

– John Locke (englsh philosopher)

Benjamin Franklin (American polymath and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Franklin was a leading author, printer, political theorist, politician, freemason, postmaster, scientist, inventor, humorist, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat)

Pope Alexander (He is one of the most controversial of the Renaissance popes, partly because he acknowledged fathering several children by his mistresses)

Voltaire (was a French Enlightenment writer, historian and philosopher famous for his wit, his criticism of Christianity, especially the Catholic Church, and his advocacy of freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and separation of church and state)

- Rationalism – logic, reason as source of knowledge
- Empirism – knowledge comes through experience
- Criticism – critical thinking, argumentation
- Egalitarianism – everybody is born equal
- Deism – rejection of organized religion, people stopped to listen to church so much

Starting point of the middle class:

- More people were literate
- Good manners, restraint, self- control and common sense
- Appearances, formal style and elegance
- Coffee houses, tea, chocolate from America

Neoclassical architecture

Neo – new
Classical - they who did the renaissance was thinking classical

Advancement of ideas like:
- Progress
- Tolerance
- Fraternity
- Constitutional government – the us government was set on that time and many others started to set up them
- Separation of church and state

- Birth of democracy and liberalism
- The French revolution 1789 – 1799
- The American constitution 1789

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