children in labor force (6 nov 1884 ano – 6 dez 1915 ano)

Descrição:

due to the economic accumulation at the top, families needed children to work (and work long hours) --in the formal system

by 1900s, 25-30% kids b/w 8-15 employeed formally

1915: "decency standards" study showed why child labor was "needed" since only 21% of male breadwinners actually earned the Cost of Living wage on their own